ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2018
Effects of Toremifene, a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator, on Spontaneous and Stimulated GH Secretion, IGF-I, and IGF-Binding Proteins in Healthy Elderly Subjects.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulating Effects of Progesterone on Spontaneous Nocturnal and Ghrelin-Induced GH Secretion in Postmenopausal Women.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Trial
- Targeting estrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer for novel therapies resistance mechanisms and future directions.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Synergistic impact of Chlorella vulgaris, zinc oxide- and/or selenium nanoparticles dietary supplementation on broiler's growth performance, antioxidant and blood biochemistry.Tropical animal health and production · 2024Article
- Modulating AHR function offers exciting therapeutic potential in gut immunity and inflammation.Cell & bioscience · 2023Review
- Hormonally Regulated Myogenic miR-486 Influences Sex-specific Differences in Cancer-induced Skeletal Muscle Defects.Endocrinology · 2021Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextEstrogens amplify spontaneous and stimulated growth hormone (GH) secretion, whereas they diminish GH-dependent insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in a dose-dependent manner. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), including tamoxifen and toremifene, are widely adjunctively used in breast and prostate cancer. Although some endocrine effects of tamoxifen are known, few data are available for toremifene.
objectiveTo explore sex-dependent effects of toremifene on spontaneous 10-hour overnight GH secretion, followed by GH-releasing hormone-ghrelin stimulation. Additionally, effects on IGF-I, its binding proteins, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were quantified. PARTICIPANTS AND
designTwenty men and 20 women, within an allowable age range of 50 to 80 years, volunteered for this double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective crossover study. Ten-minute blood sampling was done for 10 hours overnight and then for 2 hours after combined GH-releasing hormone-ghrelin injection.
main outcome measuresPulsatile GH and stimulated GH secretion, and fasting levels of IGF-I, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)1, IGFBP3, and SHBG.
resultsToremifene did not enhance pulsatile or stimulated GH secretion, but decreased IGF-I by 20% in men and women. IGFBP3 was unchanged, whereas while IGFBP1 and SHBG increased in both sexes to a similar extent.
conclusionsThe expected rise in spontaneous and stimulated GH secretion under the diminished negative feedback restraint of powered IGF-I favors a central inhibitory antiestrogenic effect of toremifene. Estrogenic effects of toremifene on the liver were present, as evidenced by increased IGFBP1 and SHBG levels. Men and women responded to this SERM comparably.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.