ArticleBMJ open2018
Opportunities and barriers in paediatric pulse oximetry for pneumonia in low-resource clinical settings: a qualitative evaluation from Malawi and Bangladesh.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Development of a Robust and Reliable Pulse Oximeter for Use by Frontline Healthcare Providers Caring for Children With Pneumonia in Low-income Countries
Assessing the Feasibility and Effectiveness of Introducing Pulse Oximetry in IMCI Services to Manage Acute Respiratory Infections at First Level Health Facilities of Bangladesh
Evaluating Novel Pediatric Pulse Oximeters for Outpatient Child Pneumonia Care in Sub-Saharan Africa
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Which children with chest-indrawing pneumonia can be safely treated at home, and under what conditions is it safe to do so? A systematic review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Oxygen systems strengthening as an intervention to prevent childhood deaths due to pneumonia in low-resource settings: systematic review, meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- The impact of pulse oximetry on diagnosis, management and outcomes of acute febrile illness in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Performance of a novel reusable pediatric pulse oximeter probe.Pediatric pulmonology · 2019Trial
- Usability Testing of a Reusable Pulse Oximeter Probe Developed for Health-Care Workers Caring for Children < 5 Years Old in Low-Resource Settings.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Trial
- Added value of routine pulse oximetry use within Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines in primary care in West Africa: insight from AIRE.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Predicting referral need for febrile children in low-resource community settings in South and Southeast Asia.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical Evaluation of Pediatric Pulse Oximeters in South Africa: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Health care worker-reported barriers and potential facilitators of acute lower respiratory infection care deliver for children at Mchinji District Hospital in Malawi.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Care management and determinants of day 14 mortality in severely ill children aged under 5 years subsequent to hypoxaemia diagnosed using routine pulse oximetry in primary care: evidence from the AIRE project.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Missed opportunities for hospital referral of young children with severe pneumonia identified at primary care using pulse oximetry: an analysis from the AIRE study in West Africa.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Understanding health innovation adoption: a realist evaluation of pulse oximeter implementation in primary care for children under 5 in four West African countries.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Acceptability of the routine use of pulse oximetry by healthcare workers and caregivers within primary healthcare in West Africa: mixed-methods study.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Challenges and needs before implementing routine pulse oximetry within primary care for sick children in West Africa: baseline assessment within the AIRE project.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a novel clinical risk score to predict hypoxaemia in children with pneumonia using the WHO PREPARE dataset.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Reducing global inequities in medical oxygen access: the Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Review
- Community health worker and caregiver experiences and perceptions of a multimodal handheld pulse oximeter used in sick child consultations in rural Burundi: A qualitative evaluation.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Understanding pulse oximetry adoption in primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria: a realist process evaluation of the INSPIRING-Lagos stabilisation room project.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Pulse Oximetry Accuracy in Children with Dark Skin Tones: Relevance to Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo gain an understanding of what challenges pulse oximetry for paediatric pneumonia management poses, how it has changed service provision and what would improve this device for use across paediatric clinical settings in low-income countries.
designFocus group discussions (FGDs), with purposive sampling and thematic analysis using a framework approach.
settingCommunity, front-line outpatient, and hospital outpatient and inpatient settings in Malawi and Bangladesh, which provide paediatric pneumonia care.
participantsHealthcare providers (HCPs) from Malawi and Bangladesh who had received training in pulse oximetry and had been using oximeters in routine paediatric care, including community healthcare workers, non-physician clinicians or medical assistants, and hospital-based nurses and doctors.
resultsWe conducted six FGDs, with 23 participants from Bangladesh and 26 from Malawi. We identified five emergent themes: trust, value, user-related experience, sustainability and design. HCPs discussed the confidence gained through the use of oximeters, resulting in improved trust from caregivers and valuing the device, although there were conflicts between the weight given to clinical judgement versus oximeter results. HCPs reported the ease of using oximeters, but identified movement and physically smaller children as measurement challenges. Challenges in sustainability related to battery durability and replacement parts, however many HCPs had used the same device longer than 4 years, demonstrating robustness within these settings. Desirable features included back-up power banks and integrated respiratory rate and thermometer capability.
conclusionsPulse oximetry was generally deemed valuable by HCPs for use as a spot-check device in a range of paediatric low-income clinical settings. Areas highlighted as challenges by HCPs, and therefore opportunities for redesign, included battery charging and durability, probe fit and sensitivity in paediatric populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02941237.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.