ArticleArthritis research & therapy2018
Synovial IL-9 facilitates neutrophil survival, function and differentiation of Th17 cells in rheumatoid arthritis.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interleukin-9 Facilitates Osteoclastogenesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Trial
- Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and disease activity score 28 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- MiR-223 within neutrophil axis promotes Th17 expansion by PI3K-AKT pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Targeting Th9 cells in autoimmune diseases: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Positive feedback loop PU.1-IL9 in Th9 promotes rheumatoid arthritis development.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2024Article
- Elevated serum IL-36γ levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and its association with disease activity.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- Unveiling Novel Drug Targets and Emerging Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- Review
- Targeting the serum marker interleukin 9 improves the underlying characterization and immune homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis.Central-European journal of immunology · 2024Article
- Increased interleukin-9 and Th9 cells in patients with refractory Graves' disease and interleukin-9 polymorphisms are associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Negative impact of Interleukin-9 on synovial regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Mechanistic insight of interleukin-9 induced osteoclastogenesis.Immunology · 2023Article
- T cells in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Interleukin 26 Induces Macrophage IL-9 Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Th2 Cytokines (Interleukin-5 and -9) Polymorphism Affects the Response to Anti-TNF Treatment in Polish Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Metabolic Profiling of Rheumatoid Arthritis Neutrophils Reveals Altered Energy Metabolism That Is Not Affected by JAK Inhibition.Metabolites · 2022Article
- The absence of IL-9 reduces allergic airway inflammation by reducing ILC2, Th2 and mast cells in murine model of asthma.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Migration and homeostasis of regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The role of a key transcription factor PU.1 in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Neuroimmune Interplay in Joint Pain: The Role of Macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRole of Th9 cells and interleukin-9 (IL-9) in human autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis and ulcerative colitis has been explored only very recently. However, their involvement in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not conclusive. Pathogenesis of RA is complex and involves various T cell subsets and neutrophils. Here, we aimed at understanding the impact of IL-9 on infiltrating immune cells and their eventual role in synovial inflammation in RA.
methodsIn vitro stimulation of T cells was performed by engagement of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies. Flow cytometry was employed for measuring intracellular cytokine, RORγt in T cells, evaluating apoptosis of neutrophils. ELISA was used for measuring soluble cytokine, Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy were used for STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation.
resultsWe demonstrated synovial enrichment of Th9 cells and their positive correlation with disease activity (DAS28-ESR) in RA. Synovial IL-9 prolonged the survival of neutrophils, increased their matrix metalloprotienase-9 production and facilitated Th17 cell differentiation evidenced by induction of transcription factor RORγt and STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-9 also augmented the function of IFN-γ + and TNF-α + synovial T cells.
conclusionsWe provide evidences for critical role of IL-9 in disease pathogenesis and propose that targeting IL-9 may be an effective strategy to ameliorate synovial inflammation in RA. Inhibiting IL-9 may have wider impact on the production of pathogenic cytokines involved in autoimmune diseases including RA and may offer better control over the disease.
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