SynthesisPsychosomatic medicine2018
Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Responses to Standardized Stressors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Psychosomatic medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stress and cardiovascular disease: Testing a vigilance pathway in two contemporary theories.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Article
- Association between sleep patterns and depressive symptoms in cardiovascular disease patients: a cross-sectional study in NHANES 2005-2014.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Discrimination and Heart Rate Variability Responses in a Diverse Sample of Young Adults.Journal of psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
- Overadjustment bias in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of socio-economic inequalities in health: a meta-research scoping review.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Early Life SES, Childhood Trauma Exposures, and Cardiovascular Responses to Daily Life Stressors in Middle-aged Adults.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress and academic achievement.Psychophysiology · 2022Article
- Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and personal emotional salience: Choose your tasks carefully.Psychophysiology · 2022Article
- Neuroendocrine and autonomic stress systems activity in young adults raised by mothers with mental health and substance abuse problems: A prospective cohort study.Developmental psychobiology · 2021Article
- Mental Health as a Mediator of the Association Between Educational Inequality and Cardiovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Alterations in heart-brain interactions under mild stress during a cognitive task are reflected in entropy of heart rate dynamics.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The burden of being poor: Stress at the belly of the matter.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic status and central adiposity as determinants of stress-related biological responses relevant to cardiovascular disease risk.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDisparities in cardiovascular health by socioeconomic status (SES) are a pressing public health concern. Hypothesized mechanisms linking low SES to poor health are large cardiovascular responses to and delayed recovery from psychological stress. The current study presents a meta-analysis of the literature on the association of SES with blood pressure and heart rate reactivity to and recovery from acute stress tasks.
methodsThe PubMed database was searched, and 26 unique studies with relevant data were identified (k = 25 reactivity [n = 14,617], k = 6 recovery [n = 1,324]).
resultsUsing random-effects models, no significant association between SES and cardiovascular reactivity to stress emerged (r = .008, 95% confidence interval = -.02 to .04), although higher SES was associated with better recovery from stress (r = -.14, 95% confidence interval -.23 to -.05). Stressor type moderated the reactivity effect, wherein higher SES was associated with greater reactivity to cognitive stressors (r = .036, p = .024), not with reactivity to interpersonal stressors (r = -.02, p = .62), but was associated with lower reactivity to tasks with combinations of cognitive, interpersonal, and physical challenges (r = -.12, p = .029). Accounting for publication bias revealed a significant association between SES and reactivity in the opposite direction of hypotheses.
conclusionsCardiovascular recovery from acute stress, but not reactivity to stress, may be a key pathway between low SES and risk for cardiovascular diseases. Heterogeneity in effect size and direction, challenges related to working across temporal dynamics, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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