ArticleBulletin of emergency and trauma2018
Efficacy and Safety of Morphine and Low Dose Ketamine for Pain Control of Patients with Long Bone Fractures: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Clinical Trial.
Article in Bulletin of emergency and trauma, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03896230 (Comparison of Ketamine 0.1 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, and 0.3 mg/kg Intravenous Doses for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Ketamine 0.1 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, and 0.3 mg/kg Intravenous Doses for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Active-controlled, Clinical Trial
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ketamine versus morphine for musculoskeletal trauma pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of low-dose ketamine compared to morphine on the severity of acute pain in emergency situations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Unlocking the Potential of Ketamine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of its Safety and Efficacy in Acute Pain Management.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of Low-dose Ketamine for Control of Acute Pain in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparison of analgesic efficacy of ibuprofen and dexketoprofen in pain management of long bone fractures: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2024Trial
- Paramedic analgesia comparing ketamine and morphine in trauma (PACKMaN): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Am I Sedated or in Pain? Please Monitor by Brain.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Low-dose ketamine as an analgesic agent in the emergency department: Efficacy and safety.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the effects of intravenous morphine and a low dose of ketamine on pain intensity of patients with traumatic fractures of the long bones.
methodsThis randomized, controlled, double-blinded, clinical trial was conducted in the adult emergency department (ED) of Emam Khomeini hospital, a tertiary general hospital affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, in Northern Iran, during a 6-month period. Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous morphine (0.1 mg/kg) or low dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) for control of the pain in the emergency room. The pain intensity was checked by a nurse using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240, minutes after the intervention.
resultsOverall we included a total number of 156 patients with mean age of 35.87±3.38 years. There were 111 (71.2%) men and 4 (28.8%) women among the patients. Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous morphine (n=78) or low dose ketamine (n=78). The pain intensity decreased significantly in both study groups after 240 minutes of intervention. However, there was no significant difference between the two study groups regarding the pain intensity at 30 (
conclusionThe results of the current study demonstrates that the intravenous low dose ketamine leads to successful pain control in patients with long bone fractures and the effects are comparable with intravenous morphine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.