ArticleScientific reports2018
Rheumatoid arthritis patient antibodies highly recognize IL-2 in the immune response pathway involving IRF5 and EBV antigens.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Unveiling Biomarkers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Bioinformatics: The Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Proteomic Serum Profiling of Holstein Friesian Cows with Different Pathological Forms of Bovine Paratuberculosis Reveals Changes in the Acute-Phase Response and Lipid Metabolism.Journal of proteome research · 2024Article
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- Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K (HML-2)-Related Genetic Variation: Human Genome Diversity and Disease.Genes · 2023Review
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- Frequency and association of Epstein-Barr Virus genotype in rheumatoid arthritis patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.PloS one · 2023Article
- Reprogramming Metabolism of Macrophages as a Target for Kidney Dysfunction Treatment in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Revealing the Immune Heterogeneity between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Multi-Omics Data Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Cytokines and chemokines multiplex analysis in patients with low disease activity rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2022Article
- A Comparative and Comprehensive Review of Antibody Applications in the Treatment of Lung Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Targeting AhR as a Novel Therapeutic Modality against Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Humoral Response to Microbial Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Emerging Roles of Coronavirus in Autoimmune Diseases.Archives of medical research · 2021Review
- Bovine Intelectin 2 Expression as a Biomarker of Paratuberculosis Disease Progression.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Revisiting B cell tolerance and autoantibodies in seropositive and seronegative autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRD).Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Review
- Role of Infections in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Focus on Mycobacteria.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Human Endogenous Retrovirus K (HML-2) in Health and Disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive joint damage due to largely unknown environmental factors acting in concert with risk alleles conferring genetic susceptibility. A major role has been attributed to viral infections that include past contacts with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and, more recently, to non-protein coding sequences of human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) integrated in the human genome. Molecular mimicry between viral and self proteins is supposed to cause the loss of immune tolerance in predisposed hosts. There are evidences that anti-IL-2 antibodies (Abs) are present in subjects affected by autoimmune diseases and may be responsible for alterations in regulatory T cell responses. In this study, we evaluated the levels of Abs against IL-2, viral epitopes and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in 140 RA patients and 137 healthy controls (HCs). Ab reactivity reached the highest levels for IRF5, EBV and IL-2 (56%, 44% and 39%, respectively) in RA with significantly lower values among HCs (7-9%, p < 0.0001), which suggests a possible cross-reaction between IRF5/EBV homologous antigens and shifts in T cell balance disrupted by anti-IL-2 Abs.
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