ArticleEcology and evolution2018
The baubellum is more developmentally and evolutionarily labile than the baculum.
Article in Ecology and evolution, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic disruption of the baculum compromises the ability of male mice to copulate.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Correlated evolution of elaborate intromission mechanics during copulation between the sexes in leaf beetles.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- First description of the baubellum in the spectacled bear Tremarctos ornatus (Mammalia: Ursidae).Journal of anatomy · 2024Article
- Rapid divergent evolution of internal female genitalia and the coevolution of male genital morphology revealed by micro-computed tomography.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Post-Mortem Dental Profile as a Powerful Tool in Animal Forensic Investigations-A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Female Genital Variation Far Exceeds that of Male Genitalia: A Review of Comparative Anatomy of Clitoris and the Female Lower Reproductive Tract in Theria.Integrative and comparative biology · 2022Article
- The ultimate database to (re)set the evolutionary history of primate genital bones.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The baubellum is more developmentally and evolutionarily labile than the baculum.Ecology and evolution · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary forces that influence sexual dimorphism is a fundamental goal in biology. Here, we focus on one particularly extreme example of sexual dimorphism. Many mammal species possess a bone in their penis called a baculum. The female equivalent of this bone is called the baubellum and occurs in the clitoris, which is developmentally homologous to the male penis. To understand the potential linkage between these two structures, we scored baculum/baubellum presence/absence across 163 species and analyzed their distribution in a phylogenetic framework. The majority of species (
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Registered trials
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