ArticleJournal of circulating biomarkers
Correlations of GDF-15 with sST2, MMPs, and worsening functional capacity in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Can we gain new insights into the pathophysiology?
Article in Journal of circulating biomarkers. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conventional and Emerging Biomarkers for Predicting Post-Ablation Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence: An Updated Systematic Review.Cardiology research · 2026Review
- Circulating levels of growth differentiation factor-15 and its genetic variants -3148C>G (rs4808793) in pediatric cardiac patients.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Self-Management Task Performance and Its Association with Biomarkers in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Patient preference and adherence · 2025Article
- A Rising Star of the Multimarker Panel: Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Levels Are an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients Admitted to an Emergency Clinical Hospital from Eastern Europe.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac fibrosis.Heart failure reviews · 2021Review
- GDF15 and Cardiac Cells: Current Concepts and New Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Pericardial NT-Pro-BNP and GDF-15 as Biomarkers of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Matrix Remodeling in Aortic Stenosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Well-Known and Novel Serum Biomarkers for Risk Stratification of Patients with Non-ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Additive prognostic value of red cell distribution width over late gadolinium enhancement on CMR in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Prognostic Value of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Kidney Donors and Recipients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- The Predictive Value of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
- The motor protein Myo1c regulates transforming growth factor-β-signaling and fibrosis in podocytes.Kidney international · 2019Article
- Dilated cardiomyopathy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been implicated in fibrosis, inflammation, and ventricular remodeling. The role of GDF-15 in the regulation of cardiac remodeling in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains poorly defined. This study attempts to analyze the molecular interactions between GDF-15 and markers of fibrosis as well as its positive correlations with worsening functional capacity. The study population consisted of 24 DCM patients and 8 control subjects. All DCM patients had normal coronary angiographic studies. Plasma levels of GDF-15, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), MMP3, MMP9, tissue inhibitor of MMP 1 (TIMP1), and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 protein (sST2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) was measured as per core laboratory protocol assay at Scott and White Memorial Hospital core laboratory. Correlation analysis was performed between GDF-15 and each of the MMPs-MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, and TIMP as well as New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and echocardiographic parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular internal dimension in diastole (LVIDd)). LVEF and LVIDd were obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography. The protocol was approved by Scott and White Memorial Hospital Institutional Review Board (S&W IRB). Correlation analysis of control versus all DCM patients showed a strong correlation of GDF-15 with TIMP1 (
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