Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
Extended-Release Naltrexone Improves Viral Suppression Among Incarcerated Persons Living With HIV With Opioid Use Disorders Transitioning to the Community: Results of a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sustained-release naltrexone for opioid dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Extended-release pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders in incarcerated populations: A systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder on Hepatitis C Incidence Among Incarcerated Persons: A Systematic Review.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions for female drug-using offenders.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Real-time peer-navigation support during community re-entry for adults with opioid use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Trial
- Initiating Injectable Buprenorphine in People Hospitalized With Infections: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Prescribing methadone in prison predicts linkage to HIV care after release from prison: A randomized and patient preference trial.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Trial
- A randomized control trial of a combined community health worker and re-entry intervention for people with HIV recently released from jail who use substances.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Trial
- Impact of prerelease methadone on mortality among people with HIV and opioid use disorder after prison release: results from a randomized and participant choice open-label trial in Malaysia.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Maintenance on extended-release naltrexone is associated with reduced injection opioid use among justice-involved persons with opioid use disorder.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Trial
- HIV clinic-based extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for people with HIV and opioid use disorder: a non-blinded, randomized non-inferiority trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Trial
- Gender differences among criminal justice-involved persons living with HIV interested in extended-release naltrexone treatment.Substance abuse · 2021Trial
- Enhancing patient navigation with contingent financial incentives for substance use abatement in persons with HIV and substance use.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2020Trial
- Slow-release naltrexone implant versus oral naltrexone for improving treatment outcomes in people with HIV who are addicted to opioids: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial.The lancet. HIV · 2019Trial
- Retention in clinical trials after prison release: results from a clinical trial with incarcerated men with HIV and opioid dependence in Malaysia.HIV research & clinical practice · 2019Trial
- Extended-release Naltrexone Improves Viral Suppression Among Incarcerated Persons Living with HIV and Alcohol use Disorders Transitioning to the Community: Results From a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Illicit substance use and its impact on tuberculosis care engagement: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of prevalence.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2026Review
- Practice facilitation to implement stepped care for unhealthy alcohol use in HIV clinics: study protocol for a type III hybrid effectiveness-implementation study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Infectious disease complications associated with opioid use disorder at a southern county hospital: a retrospective chart review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Medications for opioid use disorder shape immune responses during chronic HIV infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) would improve or maintain viral suppression (VS) among prisoners or jail detainees with HIV and opioid use disorder (OUD) transitioning to the community.
designA 4-site, prospective randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among prison and jail inmates with HIV and OUD transitioning to the community from September 2010 through March 2016.
methodsEligible participants (N = 93) were randomized 2:1 to receive 6 monthly injections of XR-NTX (n = 66) or placebo (n = 27) starting at release and observed for 6 months. The primary outcome was the proportion that maintained or improved VS (<50 copies/mL) from baseline to 6 months.
resultsParticipants allocated to XR-NTX significantly improved to VS (<50 copies/mL) from baseline (37.9%) to 6 months (60.6%) (P = 0.002), whereas the placebo group did not (55.6% at baseline to 40.7% at 6 months P = 0.294). There was, however, no statistical significant difference in VS levels at 6 months between XR-NTX (60.6%) vs. placebo (40.7%) (P = 0.087). After controlling for other factors, only allocation to XR-NTX (adjusted odds ratio = 2.90; 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 8.14, P = 0.043) was associated with the primary outcome. Trajectories in VS from baseline to 6 months differed significantly (P = 0.017) between treatment groups, and the differences in the discordant values were significantly different as well (P = 0.041): the XR-NTX group was more likely than the placebo group to improve VS (30.3% vs. 18.5%), maintain VS (30.3% vs. 27.3), and less likely to lose VS (7.6% vs. 33.3%) by 6 months.
conclusionsXR-NTX improves or maintains VS after release to the community for incarcerated people living with HIV with OUD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.