ArticleMalaria journal2018
Molecular and physiological analysis of Anopheles funestus swarms in Nchelenge, Zambia.
Article in Malaria journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial visual environments to enhance mating success in colonised Anopheles funestus.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Attributes of Anopheles gambiae swarms in South Central Uganda.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Data-driven networking of global transcriptomics and male sexual development in the main malaria vector, Anopheles funestus.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Using ecological observations to improve malaria control in areas where Anopheles funestus is the dominant vector.Malaria journal · 2022Review
- Wild populations of malaria vectors can mate both inside and outside human dwellings.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- The effect of cattle-administered ivermectin and fipronil on the mortality and fecundity of Anopheles arabiensis Patton.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Microbiota identified from preserved Anopheles.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Male swarming aggregation pheromones increase female attraction and mating success among multiple African malaria vector mosquito species.Nature ecology & evolution · 2020Article
- Member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex can be misidentified as Anopheles leesoni.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- Precopulatory acoustic interactions of the New World malaria vector Anopheles albimanus (Diptera: Culicidae).Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Swarms of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus in Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2019Article
- Investigation of the influence of a glutathione S-transferase metabolic resistance to pyrethroids/DDT on mating competitiveness in males of the African malaria vector,Wellcome open research · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAnopheles funestus has been recognized as a major malaria vector in Africa for over 100 years, but knowledge on many aspects of the biology of this species is still lacking. Anopheles funestus, as with most other anophelines, mate through swarming. A key event that is crucial for the An. funestus male to mate is genitalia rotation. This involves the 135° to 180° rotation of claspers, which are tipped with claws. This physical change then enables the male to grasp the female during copulation. The aim of this investigation was to molecularly characterize wild An. funestus swarms from Zambia and examine the degree of genitalia rotation within the swarm.
methodsAnopheles funestus swarms were collected from Nchelenge, northern Zambia, during dusk periods in May 2016. All the adults from the swarm were analysed morphologically and identified to species level using a multiplex PCR assay. Anopheles funestus s.s. specimens were molecularly characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism type and Clade type assays. The different stages of genitalia rotation were examined in the adult males.
resultsA total of six swarms were observed during the study period and between 6 and 26 mosquitoes were caught from each swarm. Species analysis revealed that 90% of the males from the swarms were An. funestus s.s. MW-type, with 84% belonging to clade I compared to 14% clade II and 2% failed to amplify. Very few specimens (3.4%) were identified as Anopheles gambiae s.s. Eighty percent of the males from the swarm had complete genitalia rotation.
conclusionsThis is the first time that An. funestus swarms have been molecularly identified to species level. Anopheles funestus swarms appear to be species-specific with no evidence of clade-type differentiation within these swarms. The An. funestus swarms consist mainly of males with fully rotated genitalia, which strongly suggests that swarming behaviour is triggered primarily when males have matured.
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