ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2018
Interventions to maximize facial cleanliness and achieve environmental improvement for trachoma elimination: A review of the grey literature.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The impact of access to water supply and sanitation on the prevalence of active trachoma in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Open defecation-free slippage and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Changing hygiene behaviours: a cluster-randomized trial, Ethiopia.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2021Trial
- Trachoma Prevalence and Associated WASH and Behavioral Risk Among Rural Communities of North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Factors associated with health worker adoption of facial and environmental hygiene promotion in the 'SAFE strategy' for trachoma elimination in Western Province, Zambia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Trachoma.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Review
- Translating Formative Research into Intervention Content: Experiences with Face Washing for Trachoma Control in Rural Ethiopia.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Trachoma Impact Survey Results from 31 Woredas in Tigray Region, Ethiopia.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2024Article
- Impact of a School Trachoma Program Emphasizing Facial Cleanliness and Environmental Improvement in Amhara, Ethiopia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Accelerating Progress Towards the 2030 Neglected Tropical Diseases Targets: How Can Quantitative Modeling Support Programmatic Decisions?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Motivating school communities towards behavior change and local ownership: a gamification intervention to prevent trachoma at primary schools in southern Ethiopia.International health · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Trachoma in Pre-validation Surveillance Surveys in 11 Evaluation Units (Covering 12 Districts) in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Results from 2018-2020.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2023Article
- Quantifying Factors Associated with Personal Hygiene as Measured by the qPHAT Methodology: Andilaye Trial, Ethiopia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Assessment of the status of improved F&E trachoma control practices among children of agro-pastoralists in Southern Ethiopia: a mixed design survey using theory of triadic influences.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Modeling the "F" in "SAFE": The dynamic game of facial cleanliness in trachoma prevention.PloS one · 2023Article
- Trachoma Prevention Practice and Associated Factors in Rural Lemo District, Southern Ethiopia, 2021.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2023Article
- Trachoma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- The impact of a demand-side sanitation and hygiene promotion intervention on sustained behavior change and health in Amhara, Ethiopia: A cluster-randomized trial.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Implementing trachoma control programmes in marginalised populations in Tanzania: A qualitative study exploring the experiences and perspectives of key stakeholders.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEfforts are underway to scale-up the facial cleanliness and environmental improvement (F&E) components of the World Health Organization's SAFE strategy for elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. Improving understanding of the F&E intervention landscape could inform advancements prior to scale-up, and lead to more effective and sustained behavior change. METHODS/
findingsWe systematically searched for relevant grey literature published from January 1965 through August 2016. Publications were eligible for review if they described interventions addressing F&E in the context of trachoma elimination programs. Subsequent to screening, we mapped attributes of F&E interventions. We then employed three behavior change frameworks to synthesize mapped data and identify potential intervention gaps. We identified 27 documents meeting inclusion criteria. With the exception of some recent programming, F&E interventions have largely focused on intermediate and distal antecedents of behavior change. Evidence from our analyses suggests many interventions are not designed to address documented determinants of improved F&E practices. No reviewed documents endorsed inclusion of intervention components related to behavioral maintenance or resilience-factors critical for sustaining improved behaviors.
conclusionsIf left unaddressed, identified gaps in intervention content may continue to challenge uptake and sustainability of improved F&E behaviors. Stakeholders designing and implementing trachoma elimination programs should review their F&E intervention content and delivery approaches with an eye toward improvement, including better alignment with established behavior change theories and empirical evidence. Implementation should move beyond information dissemination, and appropriately employ a variety of behavior change techniques to address more proximal influencers of change.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.