ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2018
Respiratory Symptoms in Young Adults and Future Lung Disease. The CARDIA Lung Study.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and Risk Factors for Progression from Pre-COPD to COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Pooled it
- Association of non-obstructive dyspnoea with all-cause mortality and incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Pooled it
- Association Between Non-obstructive Chronic Bronchitis and Incident Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Trajectory of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm): patterns, predictors, and potential interventions.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- From ideal respiratory health to chronic lung disease: indicators of impaired respiratory health.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Methodological Aspects of Slow-Paced Breathing in Healthy Young Individuals with Optimal and Suboptimal Spirometric Indices.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impaired Ventilatory Efficiency as a Novel Indicator of Pre-COPD: A Prospective Cohort Study.CHEST pulmonary · 2026Article
- Progenitor Resilience and the Early Onset of Chronic Lung Diseases: NHLBI workshop report.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Wildfire smoke exposure and persistent respiratory symptoms and illness: a retrospective cohort study.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Global disparities in chronic dyspnoea prevalence in population-based studies: a comprehensive literature review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Pre-COPD: Impact on prevention, detection, and treatment.Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983) · 2026Review
- Development and Validation of a Predictive Nomogram for Progression from Pre-COPD to Spirometric COPD: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Association of respiratory symptom profiles with future exacerbations and lung function decline in mild-to-moderate COPD.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Observational
- Association between visceral lipid accumulation indicator and preserved ratio impaired spirometry in US adults: a population-based study from 2007 to 2012.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of COPD in Adults Younger than 50 Years of Age.NEJM evidence · 2025Article
- Military Inhalational Exposures Outside the Theater of Conflict and Chronic Respiratory Symptoms.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Associations between life-course FEVThe Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Preserved ratio impaired spirometry, airflow obstruction, and their trajectories in relationship to chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Functionally important respiratory symptoms and continued cigarette use versus e-cigarette switching: population assessment of tobacco and health study waves 2-6.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Physical health in young males and risk of chronic musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases by middle age: A population-based cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
18 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleThere are limited data on factors in young adulthood that predict future lung disease.
objectivesTo determine the relationship between respiratory symptoms, loss of lung health, and incident respiratory disease in a population-based study of young adults.
methodsWe examined prospective data from 2,749 participants in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study who completed respiratory symptom questionnaires at baseline and 2 years later and repeated spirometry measurements over 30 years. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsCough or phlegm, episodes of bronchitis, wheeze, shortness of breath, and chest illnesses at both baseline and Year 2 were the main predictor variables in models assessing decline in FEV
conclusionsPersistent respiratory symptoms in young adults are associated with accelerated decline in lung function, incident obstructive and restrictive physiology, and greater odds of future radiographic emphysema.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.