ArticleThe Journal of physiology2018
The role of nitric oxide in the cardiopulmonary response to hypoxia in highland and lowland newborn llamas.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding physiological adaptations of pregnancy to the chronic hypoxia of high altitude to inform obstetrical and neonatal care.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- The perinatal llama immersed in the thin oxygen of the Andean Altiplano.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis.Frontiers in aging · 2023Article
- Chronic High-Altitude Hypoxia Alters Iron and Nitric Oxide Homeostasis in Fetal and Maternal Sheep Blood and Aorta.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The role of post-translational modifications in driving abnormal cardiovascular complications at high altitude.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- The Action of 2-Aminoethyldiphenyl Borinate on the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Remodeling of High-Altitude Hypoxemic Lambs.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Enhanced Vasoconstriction Mediated by αFrontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- The role of gasotransmitters in neonatal physiology.Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry · 2020Review
- Challenges and controversies in perinatal physiology.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Stim-activated TRPC-ORAI channels in pulmonary hypertension induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia.Pulmonary circulationArticle
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
key pointsPerinatal hypoxia causes pulmonary hypertension in neonates, including humans. However, in species adapted to hypoxia, such as the llama, there is protection against pulmonary hypertension. Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilatator with an established role in the cardiopulmonary system of many species, but its function in the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response in the newborn llama is unknown. Therefore, we studied the role of NO in the cardiopulmonary responses to acute hypoxia in high- and lowland newborn llamas. We show that high- compared to lowland newborn llamas have a reduced pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to acute hypoxia. Protection against excessive pulmonary vasoconstriction in the highland llama is mediated via enhancement of NO pathways, including increased MYPT1 and reduced ROCK expression as well as Ca ABSTRACT: Llamas are born in the Alto Andino with protection against pulmonary hypertension. The physiology underlying protection against pulmonary vasoconstrictor responses to acute hypoxia in highland species is unknown. We determined the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the cardiopulmonary responses to acute hypoxia in high- and lowland newborn llamas. The cardiopulmonary function of newborn llamas born at low (580 m) or high altitude (3600 m) was studied under acute hypoxia, with and without NO blockade. In pulmonary arteries, we measured the reactivity to potassium and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and in lung we determined the content of cGMP and the expression of the NO-related proteins: BKCa, PDE5, PSer92-PDE5, PKG-1, ROCK1 and 2, MYPT1, PSer695-MYPT1, PThr696-MYPT1, MLC20 and PSer19-MLC20. Pulmonary vascular remodelling was evaluated by morphometry and based on α-actin expression. High- compared to lowland newborn llamas showed lower in vivo pulmonary arterial pressor responses to acute hypoxia. This protection involved enhanced NO function, as NO blockade reverted the effect and the pulmonary arterial dilatator response to SNP was significantly enhanced in highland neonates. The pulmonary expression of ROCK2 and the phosphorylation of MLC20 were lower in high-altitude llamas. Conversely, MYPT1 was up-regulated whilst PSer695-MYPT1 and PThr695-MYPT1 did not change. Enhanced NO-dependent mechanisms were insufficient to prevent pulmonary arterial remodelling. Combined, the data strongly support that in the highland newborn llama reduced ROCK, increased MYPT1 expression and Ca
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