ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
Individual and community-level risk factors for HIV stigma in 21 Zambian and South African communities: analysis of data from the HPTN071 (PopART) study.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01900977 (Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission (PopART): A Cluster-randomized Trial of the Impact of a Combination Prevention Package on Population-level HIV Incidence in Zambia and South Africa
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- HIV-related stigma and associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Thetha Nami: participatory development of a peer-navigator intervention to deliver biosocial HIV prevention for adolescents and youth in rural South Africa.BMC public health · 2021Trial
- Does community-based distribution of HIV self-tests increase uptake of HIV testing? Results of pair-matched cluster randomised trial in Zambia.BMJ global health · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Understanding the Time Needed to Link to Care and Start ART in Seven HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Communities in Zambia and South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- When Stigma Differs: A Cross-Sectional Study of Divergent Associations of Internalized and Enacted Stigma on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disclosure in Zambia.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with High Internalized Stigma Among People Living with HIV in Selected Provinces in Vietnam.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Declining but increasingly concentrated HIV stigma in rural Uganda: population-based cohort study, 2014-2024.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Engagement trajectories and multilevel influences on retention among adult males with advanced HIV disease in Eswatini: a mixed-methods study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effects of HIV and alcohol stigma on biomarker-confirmed alcohol use following a peer-delivered intervention in South Africa.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Intersectional HIV stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean: Insights and pathways forward - A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Associations between HIV stigma and health-related quality-of-life among people living with HIV: cross-sectional analysis of data from HPTN 071 (PopART).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advocacy for patients with headache disorders.eNeurologicalSci · 2023Review
- Observational
- HIV-related stigma, disclosure and social support: experiences among young pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV in South Africa.AIDS care · 2023Article
- Prevalence of mental distress in adults with and without a history of tuberculosis in an urban Zambian community.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- A post-outbreak assessment of exposure proximity and Ebola virus disease-related stigma among community members in Kono District, Sierra Leone: A cross-sectional study.SSM. Mental health · 2022Article
- Social Support for Improved ART Adherence and Retention in Care among Older People Living with HIV in Urban South Africa: A Complex Balance between Disclosure and Stigma.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Priorities for health and wellbeing for older people with and without HIV in Uganda: a qualitative methods study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe the prevalence and determinants of HIV stigma in 21 communities in Zambia and South Africa.
designAnalysis of baseline data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster-randomized trial. HIV stigma data came from a random sample of 3859 people living with HIV. Community-level exposures reflecting HIV fears and judgements and perceptions of HIV stigma came from a random sample of community members not living with HIV (n = 5088), and from health workers (HW) (n = 851).
methodsWe calculated the prevalence of internalized stigma, and stigma experienced in the community or in a healthcare setting in the past year. We conducted risk-factor analyses using logistic regression, adjusting for clustering.
resultsInternalized stigma (868/3859, prevalence 22.5%) was not associated with sociodemographic characteristics but was less common among those with a longer period since diagnosis (P = 0.043). Stigma experienced in the community (853/3859, 22.1%) was more common among women (P = 0.016), older (P = 0.011) and unmarried (P = 0.009) individuals, those who had disclosed to others (P < 0.001), and those with more lifetime sexual partners (P < 0.001). Stigma experienced in a healthcare setting (280/3859, 7.3%) was more common among women (P = 0.019) and those reporting more lifetime sexual partners (P = 0.001) and higher wealth (P = 0.003). Experienced stigma was more common in clusters wherever community members perceived higher levels of stigma, but was not associated with the beliefs of community members or HW.
conclusionHIV stigma remains unacceptably high in South Africa and Zambia and may act as barrier to HIV prevention and treatment. Further research is needed to understand its determinants.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.