ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2018
Assessing the Role of Muscle Protein Breakdown in Response to Nutrition and Exercise in Humans.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04515095 (A Safety and Feasibility Study of Water-only Fasting and Refeeding for Treatment of Stage 1 and 2 Hypertensive Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 84 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Safety and Feasibility Study of Water-only Fasting and Refeeding for Treatment of Stage 1 and 2 Hypertensive Patients
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Resistance exercise training improves disuse-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Acute Changes in Muscle Protein Synthesis and Longer-Term Changes in Muscle Mass, Strength, and Aerobic Capacity in Response to Concurrent Resistance and Endurance Exercise in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- The effects of elective abdominal surgery on protein turnover: A meta-analysis of stable isotope techniques to investigate postoperative catabolism.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Ingestion of diverse protein-rich whole-foods result in similar post exercise whole body and myofibrillar protein synthesis rates compared with a more isolated protein source in young adults.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Dileucine-supplemented essential amino acids support whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise and serum-stimulated cell-based anabolism.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- The effects of whey, pea, and collagen protein supplementation beyond the recommended dietary allowance on integrated myofibrillar protein synthetic rates in older males: a randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- Greater plasma essential amino acids and lower 3-methylhistidine with higher protein intake during endurance training: a randomised control trial.Amino acids · 2023Trial
- Pharmacological hypogonadism impairs molecular transducers of exercise-induced muscle growth in humans.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Trial
- Molecular Regulators of Muscle Mass and Mitochondrial Remodeling Are Not Influenced by Testosterone Administration in Young Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- Reducing NF-κB Signaling Nutritionally is Associated with Expedited Recovery of Skeletal Muscle Function After Damage.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Effect of Caloric Restriction on BMI, Gut Microbiota, and Blood Amino Acid Levels in Non-Obese Adults.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Testosterone therapy induces molecular programming augmenting physiological adaptations to resistance exercise in older men.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2019Trial
- Cardiometabolic index (CMI) and sarcopenia as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease: a NHANES-based cohort study.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Article
- Excessive postpartum body condition score loss coincides with skeletal muscle proteolysis in dairy cows: molecular and biochemical evidence.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Menopause, Female Sex Hormones, Skeletal Muscle Mass and Muscle Protein Turnover in Humans.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Review
- Machine learning identifies PPARG as a diagnostic biomarker for sepsis linked to CD14/NF-κB signaling: integrated transcriptomics and experimental validation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Muscle protein breakdown (MPB) is an important metabolic component of muscle remodeling, adaptation to training, and increasing muscle mass. Degradation of muscle proteins occurs via the integration of three main systems-autophagy and the calpain and ubiquitin-proteasome systems. These systems do not operate independently, and the regulation is complex. Complete degradation of a protein requires some combination of the systems. Determination of MPB in humans is technically challenging, leading to a relative dearth of information. Available information on the dynamic response of MPB primarily comes from stable isotopic methods with expression and activity measures providing complementary information. It seems clear that resistance exercise increases MPB, but not as much as the increase in muscle protein synthesis. Both hyperaminoacidemia and hyperinsulinemia inhibit the post-exercise response of MPB. Available data do not allow a comprehensive examination of the mechanisms behind these responses. Practical nutrition recommendations for interventions to suppress MPB following exercise are often made. However, it is likely that some degree of increased MPB following exercise is an important component for optimal remodeling. At this time, it is not possible to determine the impact of nutrition on any individual muscle protein. Thus, until we can develop and employ better methods to elucidate the role of MPB following exercise and the response to nutrition, recommendations to optimize post exercise nutrition should focus on the response of muscle protein synthesis. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive examination of the state of knowledge, including methodological considerations, of the response of MPB to exercise and nutrition in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.