ArticlePloS one2018
Prevalence and predictors of depressive symptoms among HIV-positive men who inject drugs in Vietnam.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- "I refused to drink but they still forced me": A mixed-methods approach to understanding the pathways to reduce alcohol use among Vietnamese people with HIV.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Trial
- The longitudinal association between depression, anxiety symptoms and HIV outcomes, and the modifying effect of alcohol dependence among ART clients with hazardous alcohol use in Vietnam.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Longitudinal Analysis of Depressive Symptoms, Perceived Social Support, and Alcohol Use among HIV-Infected Men Who Inject Drugs in Northern Vietnam.Substance use & misuse · 2020Trial
- Providers' Experiences in Implementation of Friendship Bench: A Problem-Solving Therapy-Based Mental Health Intervention Adapted for People on Methadone Maintenance Treatment Who Live with HIV in Vietnam.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Multilevel barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among men living with HIV in Vietnam: a qualitative study of male patients and healthcare providers.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- The effects of psychological functioning on substance use and treatment outcomes among people with HIV.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward depression among people living with depression in Vietnam: the cultural dynamics in the era of globalization.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Correlates of Depression and Bipolar Disorder Among Patients Maintained on Methadone and Buprenorphine in Ukraine.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2024Article
- Article
- Validation of the combined Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale among people with HIV in Vietnam.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2023Article
- Comparison of the effect of hostility on the level of depression of drug addicts and non-addicts and the mediating role of sense of life meaning between them.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Temporal association of pre-pandemic perceived social support with psychological resilience and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic among people with a history of injection drug use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Depression and Associated Factors among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attending Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Health Facilities, Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia.Depression research and treatment · 2023Article
- Adaptation of a Problem-solving Program (Friendship Bench) to Treat Common Mental Disorders Among People Living With HIV and AIDS and on Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Vietnam: Formative Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among HIV/AIDS in Ningbo, China: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The role of depression in secondary HIV transmission among people who inject drugs in Vietnam: A mathematical modeling analysis.PloS one · 2022Article
- Cultural and linguistic adaptation of the multi-dimensional OXCAP-MH for outcome measurement of mental health among people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda: the Luganda version.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV infection is common among people who inject drugs (PWID), and HIV-positive PWID may be particularly vulnerable to depression. This study measured the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the factors associated with severe symptoms among 455 HIV-positive PWID in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam.
methodsWe used cross-sectional data from PWID in a randomized controlled trial of an intervention to reduce high-risk injecting and sexual behaviors in Thai Nguyen from 2009-2013. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We used logistic regression to assess demographic, clinical, and psychosocial predictors of severe depressive symptoms (CES-D≥23) with prevalence odds ratios (POR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsThe prevalence of severe depressive symptoms (CES-D≥23) was 44%. 25% of participants had mild to moderate depressive symptoms (16≤CES-D<23), and 31% experienced no depressive symptoms (CES-D<16). Not being married, self-rated poor health, greater frequency of injection drug use, history of overdose, no alcohol use, and daily cigarette smoking were positively associated with severe depressive symptoms in unadjusted models and remained predictive in a multivariable model. The strongest predictors of depressive symptoms were self-reported poor health (POR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.82, 4.76), no current alcohol use (POR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.47, 3.77), and not currently married or cohabitating (POR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.40, 3.47).
conclusionSevere depressive symptoms were common among HIV-positive PWID in Thai Nguyen and were strongly associated with demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. Interventions that promote social support from family and reduce drug dependence may particularly benefit PWID experiencing severe depressive symptoms. Greater recognition and treatment of depressive symptoms has the potential to enhance quality of life and improve HIV clinical outcomes for PWID.
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