ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2018
Upper Respiratory Symptoms, Gut Health and Mucosal Immunity in Athletes.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- "Do probiotics mitigate GI-induced inflammation and perceived fatigue in athletes? A systematic review".Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review: Role of dietary supplements on markers of exercise-associated gut damage and permeability.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparison of the Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Supplementation on the Immune Function of Male University Football Players.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- The effect of probiotic supplementation on performance, inflammatory markers and gastro-intestinal symptoms in elite road cyclists.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021Trial
- The Effect ofNutrients · 2020Trial
- The impact of probiotic supplementation on mucosal immunity and oxidative stress after high-intensity exercise among athletes: a meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Association Between Continuous Consumption of Yogurt Fermented withJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Chlorinated pool air, airway mucosal immunity, and respiratory health in competitive swimmers: a mini review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Kynurenine Pathway in Gut Permeability and Inflammation.Inflammation · 2025Review
- The Interplay Between Nutrition and Microbiota and the Role of Probiotics and Symbiotics in Pediatric Infectious Diseases.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Mechanism of Action and Beneficial Effects of Probiotics in Amateur and Professional Athletes.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Salivary assessment of the immune/inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in older adults vaccinated with CoronaVac or ChadOx-1.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- Immune consequences of exercise in hypoxia: A narrative review.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Review
- Nutrition, Immune Function, and Infectious Disease in Military Personnel: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Effects of high-/low-temperature and high-altitude hypoxic environments on gut microbiota of sports people: A retrospective analysis.Sports medicine and health science · 2023Review
- Dihydromyricetin Attenuates High-Intensity Exercise-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction Associated with the Modulation of the Phenotype of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Respiratory Viral Infections in Athletes: Many Unanswered Questions.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Upper respiratory symptoms remain the most common illness in athletes. Upper respiratory symptoms during heavy training and competition may impair performance. Preventing illness is the primary reason for the use of supplements, such as probiotics and prebiotics, for maintaining or promoting gut health and immune function. While exercise-induced perturbations in the immune system may increase susceptibility to illness and infection, growing evidence indicates that upper respiratory symptoms are related to a breakdown in the homeostatic regulation of the mucosal immune system of the airways. Balancing protection of the respiratory tract with normal physiological functioning requires dynamic orchestration between a wide array of immune parameters. The intestinal microbiota regulates extra-intestinal immunity via the common mucosal immune system and new evidence implicates the microbiota of the nose, mouth and respiratory tract in upper respiratory symptoms. Omics' approaches now facilitate comprehensive profiling at the molecular and proteomic levels to reveal new pathways and molecules of immune regulation. New targets may provide for personalised nutritional and training interventions to maintain athlete health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.