ArticleJournal of gastroenterology2018
Relapse rate and predictors of relapse in a large single center cohort of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis: long-term follow-up results after steroid therapy with short-duration maintenance treatment.
Article in Journal of gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06328101 (A Multicenter, Retrospective Study on Autoimmune Pancreatitis, Pancreatic and Extrapancreatic cAnceR), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Retrospective Study on Autoimmune Pancreatitis, Pancreatic and Extrapancreatic cAnceR (AiPPEAR)
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for relapse of IgG4-related disease: a systematic review and meta‑analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Pooled it
- Correlation of Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Malignancy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The clinical efficacy of azathioprine as maintenance treatment for autoimmune pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2021Pooled it
- European Guideline on IgG4-related digestive disease - UEG and SGF evidence-based recommendations.United European gastroenterology journal · 2020Guideline
- Association between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer: a case after long-term steroid therapy.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Long-Term Outcomes and Predictors of Delayed Steroid Initiation in Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis Initially Managed Without Corticosteroids.Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences · 2026Article
- A decade of clinical course and prognostic determinants in type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis: insights from a 10-year longitudinal multicenter retrospective study.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- A retrospective study on pancreatic and extra-pancreatic characteristics of IgG4-related disease.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Review
- Autoimmune pancreatitis, pancreatic and extrapancreatic cancer (AIPPEAR): a multicentre, retrospective study protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Mediastinoscopy-Assisted Esophagectomy as an Effective Treatment for IgG4-Related Esophageal Stenosis: A Case Report.Surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Pancreatic volume change using three dimensional-computed tomography volumetry and its relationships with diabetes on long-term follow-up in autoimmune pancreatitis.World journal of radiology · 2024Article
- A Case with Multiple Pathologies in the Pancreatic Head.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Potential Added Value ofBMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Long-term Outcomes after Steroid Pulse Therapy in Patients with Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcome of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 level: A single-center, retrospective cohort study.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Relapse rate and predictors of relapse after cessation of glucocorticoid maintenance therapy in type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis: a multicenter retrospective study.BMC gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Immunoglobulin G4-related Disease of the Small Bowel: A Case of Long-term Remission Achieved by Surgical Resection without Maintenance Therapy.The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi · 2023Article
- PretherapyKorean journal of radiology · 2023Article
- Challenges for clinicians treating autoimmune pancreatitis: Current perspectives.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundType 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), as a pancreatic manifestation of IgG4-related disease, shows a favorable prognosis in the short term. However, disease relapse is common in long-term follow-up, despite a successful initial treatment response. This study aimed to identify the predictors of relapse and long-term outcomes in patients with type 1 AIP.
methodsPatients with more than 2 years of follow-up who met the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for type 1 AIP were included. Patients who had undergone pancreatic operations associated with AIP or who lacked sufficient clinical data were excluded.
resultsAll 138 patients achieved clinical remission with initial steroid therapy, and 66 (47.8%) experienced relapse during a median 60 (range 24-197) months follow-up. Among the relapsed patients, about 74% (49/66) relapsed within 3 years. About 60% (82/138) had other organ involvement (OOI), most commonly in the proximal bile duct (26.8%). At first diagnosis, OOI, and especially OOI of the proximal bile duct, was a significant independent predictor of relapse (hazard ratio 2.65; 95% confidence interval 1.44-4.89; p = 0.002), according to multivariate analysis. During the follow-up period, 16 (11.6%) patients experienced endocrine/exocrine dysfunction and 32 (23.2%) patients developed de novo pancreatic calcifications/stones. No pancreatic cancer occurred in any patients.
conclusionsType 1 AIP has common relapses, and patients with OOI, especially OOI of the proximal bile duct, appear to be at increased risk for relapse. Long-term sequelae, including pancreatic insufficiency and pancreatic calcifications/stones, are common in patients with relapse. To reduce the relapse, longer maintenance treatment may be needed especially for patients at high risk for relapse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.