ReviewMedicines (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Auricular Neuromodulation: The Emerging Concept beyond the Stimulation of Vagus and Trigeminal Nerves.
Review in Medicines (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06782360 (CAMSAN), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
CAMSAN: Cognitive Augmentation Via Multimodal Sensing and Auricular Neurostimulation
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Laser Auriculotherapy for Anxiety Symptoms Across Diverse Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical and cognitive effects of external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS) in neurological and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Auricular point acupressure for older adults with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2025Trial
- Heart rate variability and cold-induced vascular dilation after stimulation of two different areas of the ear: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized crossover study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Trial
- Frequency-Dependent Effects of Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Alleviating Visceral Hypersensitivity: Involvement of the Nesfatin-1/CRF/CRF1R Pathway.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Auricular neuromodulation by low level laser therapy versus placebo laser therapy in prophylactic treatment of episodic migraine: a randomized controlled study protocol.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Little Patients Big Discoveries: Potential Pediatric to Adult Neurogastroenterology Translation.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Restores Cognitive Impairment in Morphine-Withdrawn Rats: Role of BDNF and Glial Cells in the Hippocampus.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- The Brazilian Auriculotherapy Practitioners' Training Profiles, Perceptions of Efficacy, and Technique-Related Side Effects: An Exploratory Study.Medical acupuncture · 2025Article
- Article
- Heart Rate Variability Subsequent to Auriculotherapy Among Individuals Afflicted by Major Burn Scars.Annals of plastic surgery · 2025Article
- The Vagus Nerve as a Gateway to Body Ownership: taVNS Reduces Susceptibility to a Virtual Version of the Cardiac and Tactile Rubber Hand Illusion.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Combined minimally invasive vagal cranial nerve and trigeminocervical complex peripheral nerve stimulation produces prolonged improvement of severe painful peripheral neuropathy and hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Networks of Nerve Fibers, and Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in the Mouse Auricle: The Structural Basis of Ear Acupuncture.Medical acupuncture · 2024Article
- Trigeminal nerve stimulation: a current state-of-the-art review.Bioelectronic medicine · 2023Review
- Cognitive Functions following Trigeminal Neuromodulation.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Application of Original Therapy for Stimulation of Oral Areas Innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve in a Child with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Auricular acupuncture for persistent insomnia and anxiety associated with COVID-19: a case report.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- The Role of Acupuncture in Treating a Patient with a Gambling Disorder.Medical acupuncture · 2022Article
- The Effect of Auriculotherapy on Situational Anxiety Trigged by Examinations: A Randomized Pilot Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuromodulation, thanks to intrinsic and extrinsic brain feedback loops, seems to be the best way to exploit brain plasticity for therapeutic purposes. In the past years, there has been tremendous advances in the field of non-pharmacological modulation of brain activity. This review of different neurostimulation techniques will focus on sites and mechanisms of both transcutaneous vagus and trigeminal nerve stimulation. These methods are scientifically validated non-invasive bottom-up brain modulation techniques, easily implemented from the outer ear. In the light of this, auricles could transpire to be the most affordable target for non-invasive manipulation of central nervous system functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.