ArticleGastroenterology2018
Ceragenin CSA13 Reduces Clostridium difficile Infection in Mice by Modulating the Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolites.
Article in Gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- CSA-13 treatment in a murine model of Pseudomonas pneumonia-induced sepsis and its effects on renal injury, inflammation, and glycocalyx derangement.The Journal of antibiotics · 2026Article
- Natural Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Synthetic Analogues for Effective Oral Microflora Control and Oral Infection Treatment-The Role of Ceragenins in the Development of New Therapeutic Methods.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Ceragenins Prevent the Development of Murine Vaginal Infection Caused byPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Loratadine as an Anti-inflammatory Agent Against Clostridium difficile Toxin B.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Ceragenins in Controlling the Growth of Oral Microorganisms: Implications for Oral Hygiene Management.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Genistein Inhibits Clostridioides difficile Infection via Estrogen Receptors and Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Growth Promoters Altered the Function but Not the Structure of Enteric Bacterial Communities in Broiler Chicks ± Microbiota Transplantation.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Opportunities for Nanomedicine inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Elafin inhibits obesity, hyperglycemia, and liver steatosis in high-fat diet-treated male mice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Therapeutic Mechanism of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 α Neutralizing Antibody (CCL3) in Clostridium difficile Infection in Mice.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Nanoantibiotics containing membrane-active human cathelicidin LL-37 or synthetic ceragenins attached to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles as novel and innovative therapeutic tools: current status and potential future applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2020Review
- Clostridium difficile Infection and the Tangled Web of Interactions Among Host, Pathogen, and Microbiota.Gastroenterology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsClostridium difficile induces intestinal inflammation by releasing toxins A and B. The antimicrobial compound cationic steroid antimicrobial 13 (CSA13) has been developed for treating gastrointestinal infections. The CSA13-Eudragit formulation can be given orally and releases CSA13 in the terminal ileum and colon. We investigated whether this form of CSA13 reduces C difficile infection (CDI) in mice.
methodsC57BL/6J mice were infected with C difficile on day 0, followed by subcutaneous administration of pure CSA13 or oral administration of CSA13-Eudragit (10 mg/kg/d for 10 days). Some mice were given intraperitoneal vancomycin (50 mg/kg daily) on days 0-4 and relapse was measured after antibiotic withdrawal. The mice were monitored until day 20; colon and fecal samples were collected on day 3 for analysis. Blood samples were collected for flow cytometry analyses. Fecal pellets were collected each day from mice injected with CSA13 and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography or 16S sequencing; feces were also homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline and fed to mice with CDI via gavage.
resultsCDI of mice caused 60% mortality, significant bodyweight loss, and colonic damage 3 days after infection; these events were prevented by subcutaneous injection of CSA13 or oral administration CSA13-Eudragit. There was reduced relapse of CDI after administration of CSA13 was stopped. Levels of CSA13 in feces from mice given CSA13-Eudragit were significantly higher than those of mice given subcutaneous CSA13. Subcutaneous and oral CSA13 each significantly increased the abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae bacteria and reduced the abundance of C difficile in fecal samples of mice. When feces from mice with CDI and given CSA13 were fed to mice with CDI that had not received CSA13, the recipient mice had significantly increased rates of survival. CSA13 reduced fecal levels of inflammatory metabolites (endocannabinoids) and increased fecal levels of 4 protective metabolites (ie, citrulline, 3-aminoisobutyric acid, retinol, and ursodeoxycholic acid) in mice with CDI. Oral administration of these CSA13-dependent protective metabolites reduced the severity of CDI.
conclusionsIn studies of mice, we found the CSA13-Eudragit formulation to be effective in eradicating CDI by modulating the intestinal microbiota and metabolites.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.