ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2017
Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Adolescents and Adults: A Human fMRI Study.
Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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36 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- The synergy of methylphenidate- and reconsolidation-based extinction normalizes ventromedial prefrontal function in drug addiction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Trial
- SmartDetector: a valid and affordable AI-based markerless motion capture system for psychological experiments.Cognitive processing · 2026Article
- Developmental differences in threat learning are associated with changes in frontal-central theta activity.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Dynamic affective stimulation modulates visual but not auditory prospective timing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and amygdala underlies avoidance learning during adolescence: Implications for developmental psychopathology.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent role of hippocampal BDNF and GSK-3β in mediating PTSD-like behaviors in both sexes of adolescent rats exposed to fear conditioning, extinction, and reinstatement.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Estrous Cycle Impacts Fear Extinction and Relapse in Female Adolescent Rats.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- The beautiful adolescent brain: An evolutionary developmental perspective.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Review
- Fear extinction retention in children, adolescents, and adults.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Adolescent male and female rats show enhanced latent inhibition of conditioned fear compared to adult rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Intergenerational Effects of Stress - A Focus on Learning and Memory.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- Puberty and NeuroDevelopment in adolescents (PANDA): a study protocol.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Manipulating reinforcement probability changes the temporal overestimation of anticipated aversive stimuli.Psychological research · 2024Article
- The Relationship between Depression Severity and Prefrontal Hemodynamic Changes in Adolescents with Major Depression Disorder: A Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy Study.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Intermixed safety cues facilitate extinction retention in adult and adolescent mice.Physiology & behavior · 2023Article
- Fear conditioning is preserved in very preterm-born young adults despite increased anxiety levels.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Age-Related Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Anxiety-like Behavior in C57/B6J Mice.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Absence of modulatory effects of 6Hz cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation on fear learning in men.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Getting Better with Age? A Review of Psychophysiological Studies of Fear Extinction Learning Across Development.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Age-specific sex effects in extinction of conditioned fear in rodents.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known about the neural correlates of fear learning in adolescents, a population at increased risk for anxiety disorders. Healthy adolescents (mean age 16.26) and adults (mean age 29.85) completed a fear learning paradigm across two stages during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Stage 1 involved conditioning and extinction, and stage 2 involved extinction recall, re-conditioning, followed by re-extinction. During extinction recall, we observed a higher skin conductance response to the CS+ relative to CS- in adolescents compared to adults, which was accompanied by a reduction in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) activity. Relative to adults, adolescents also had significantly reduced activation in the ventromedial PFC, dlPFC, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and temporoparietal junction (TPJ) during extinction recall compared to late extinction. Age differences in PCC activation between late extinction and late conditioning were also observed. These results show for the first time that healthy adolescent humans show different behavioral responses, and dampened PFC activity during short-term extinction recall compared to healthy adults. We also identify the PCC and TPJ as novel regions that may be associated with impaired extinction in adolescents. Also, while adults showed significant correlations between differential SCR and BOLD activity in some brain regions during late extinction and recall, adolescents did not show any significant correlations. This study highlights adolescent-specific neural correlates of extinction, which may explain the peak in prevalence of anxiety disorders during adolescence.
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