ArticleBMJ open2018
Incidence and mortality of fractures by frailty level over 80 years of age: cohort study using UK electronic health records.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Declining daily functioning as a prelude to a hip fracture in older persons-an individual patient data meta-analysis.Age and ageing · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Lifestyle factors, including physical activity status, associated with fragility fractures and falls: a cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Association of frailty with fragility fractures and all‑cause mortality in adults: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Excess short- and long-term mortality risk following any and hip fractures: a prospective matched cohort study using exposure density sampling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Delayed Postoperative Ambulation Results in a Significant Increase in 90-Day Mortality in Surgically Treated Hip Fractures.Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The influence of immobility on muscle loss in older people with frailty and fragility fractures.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Refracture and mortality risk in the elderly with osteoporotic fractures: the AGES-Reykjavik study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Observational
- Utilizing multimodal approach to identify candidate pathways and biomarkers and predicting frailty syndrome in individuals from UK Biobank.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Risk of Falls and Fractures in Individuals With Cataract, Age-Related Macular Degeneration, or Glaucoma.JAMA ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Adverse outcomes following pelvic fracture: the critical role of frailty.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2023Article
- Frailty and comorbidity predict 30 day postoperative outcomes, independent of anatomical site of fracture.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2023Article
- Bony Sacral Volume after Sacro-Iliac Screw Fixation of Pelvic Fractures Is Dependent on Reduction of the Anterior Pelvic Ring.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Course of fear of falling after hip fracture: findings from a 12-month inception cohort.BMJ open · 2023Observational
- Vitamin D Status and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Osteoarthritis Patients: Results from NHANES III and NHANES 2001-2018.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Focusing on individual morphological fracture characteristics of pelvic ring fractures in elderly patients can support clinical decision making.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Mortality after Sustaining Skeletal Fractures in Relation to Age.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- The feasibility and acceptability of assessing and managing sarcopenia and frailty among older people with upper limb fracture.Age and ageing · 2022Article
- Identifying Frail Patients by Using Electronic Health Records in Primary Care: Current Status and Future Directions.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to estimate the association of frailty with incidence and mortality of fractures at different sites in people aged over 80 years.
designCohort study.
settingUK family practices from 2001 to 2014.
participants265 195 registered participants aged 80 years and older. MEASUREMENTS: Frailty status classified into 'fit', 'mild', 'moderate' and 'severe' frailty. Fractures, classified into non-fragility and fragility, including fractures of femur, pelvis, shoulder and upper arm, and forearm/wrist. Incidence of fracture, and mortality within 90 days and 1 year, were estimated.
resultsThere were 28 643 fractures including: non-fragility fractures, 9101; femur, 12 501; pelvis, 2172; shoulder and upper arm, 4965; and forearm/wrist, 6315. The incidence of each fracture type was higher in women and increased with frailty category (femur, severe frailty compared with 'fit', incidence rate ratio (IRR) 2.4, 95% CI 2.3 to 2.6). Fractures of the femur (95-99 years compared with 80-84 years, IRR 2.7, 95% CI 2.6 to 2.9) and pelvis (IRR 2.9, 95% CI 2.5 to 3.3) were strongly associated with age but non-fragility and forearm fractures were not. Mortality within 90 days was greatest for femur fracture (adjusted HR, compared with forearm fracture 4.3, 95% CI 3.7 to 5.1). Mortality was higher in men and increased with age (HR 5.3, 95% CI 4.3 to 6.5 in those over 100 years compared with 80-84 years) but was less strongly associated with frailty category. Similar associations with fractures were seen at 1-year mortality.
conclusionsThe incidence of fractures at all sites was higher in women and strongly associated with advancing frailty status, while the risk of mortality after a fracture was greater in men and was associated with age rather than frailty category.
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Registered trials
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