ReviewComprehensive Physiology2017
Apelinergic System Structure and Function.
Review in Comprehensive Physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Parameters in Heart Failure.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Apelin Isoforms and Oxidative Stress Markers in Periodontitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting the Apelin-APJ Axis: A Promising Strategy to Mitigate Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- ELABELA: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Apelin signaling acts as a molecular switch between endothelial and hematopoietic stem cell fates.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Broadening horizons: new links between cilia and heart development and disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The Impact of the Apelinergic System on the Cardiovascular System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- ATP5F1A deficiency causes developmental delay and motor dysfunction in humans and zebrafish.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- ELABELA Ameliorates Atherosclerosis Through Restoring the M1/M2 Macrophage Balance inJournal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Morphometric and Molecular Interplay in Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Remodeling with an Emphasis on the Potential Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- ELABELA: a polypeptide with therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluating Apelin as a Potential Biomarker in Major Depressive Disorder: Its Correlation with Clinical Symptomatology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Selected Parameters of the Apelinergic System in Repeat Blood Donors.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Immunodetection of selected pancreatic hormones under intragastric administration of apelin-13, a novel endogenous ligand for an angiotensin-like orphan G-protein coupled receptor, in unweaned rats.Journal of veterinary research · 2024Article
- Decreased plasma ELABELA level as a novel screening indicator for heart failure: a cohort and observational study.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- The Role of Adipokines in the Control of Pituitary Functions.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Exploring the potential roles of apelin, visfatin, and irisin in energy regulation in farm animals: an overview.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Structure-function relationship and physiological role of apelin and its G protein coupled receptor.Biophysical reviews · 2023Review
- Characterization of the First Animal Toxin Acting as an Antagonist on AT1 Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Apelin and apela (ELABELA/ELA/Toddler) are two peptide ligands for a class A G-protein-coupled receptor named the apelin receptor (AR/APJ/APLNR). Ligand-AR interactions have been implicated in regulation of the adipoinsular axis, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system alongside pathological processes. Each ligand may be processed into a variety of bioactive isoforms endogenously, with apelin ranging from 13 to 55 amino acids and apela from 11 to 32, typically being cleaved C-terminal to dibasic proprotein convertase cleavage sites. The C-terminal region of the respective precursor protein is retained and is responsible for receptor binding and subsequent activation. Interestingly, both apelin and apela exhibit isoform-dependent variability in potency and efficacy under various physiological and pathological conditions, but most studies focus on a single isoform. Biophysical behavior and structural properties of apelin and apela isoforms show strong correlations with functional studies, with key motifs now well determined for apelin. Unlike its ligands, the AR has been relatively difficult to characterize by biophysical techniques, with most characterization to date being focused on effects of mutagenesis. This situation may improve following a recently reported AR crystal structure, but there are still barriers to overcome in terms of comprehensive biophysical study. In this review, we summarize the three components of the apelinergic system in terms of structure-function correlation, with a particular focus on isoform-dependent properties, underlining the potential for regulation of the system through multiple endogenous ligands and isoforms, isoform-dependent pharmacological properties, and biological membrane-mediated receptor interaction. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:407-450, 2018.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.