ArticleClinical rheumatology2018
Clinical characteristics associated with subcutaneous tophi formation in Chinese gout patients: a retrospective study.
Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methodological quality of cohort study on rheumatic diseases in China: A systematic review.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- A retrospective analysis of the surgical efficacy for tophi wounds in Hainan province.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- [Risk factors associated with non-radiographic bone erosion in patients with gout].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with bone erosion in patients with tophi.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Associated Factors of Tophaceous Gout: A Study Involving 20 Primary Care Clinics in an Urbanized State in Malaysia.Oman medical journal · 2023Article
- Establishment and Validation of Predictive Model of Tophus in Gout Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Simple metabolic markers associated with tophaceous gout.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Article
- Effects of fenofibrate therapy on renal function in primary gout patients.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Presence of tophi is associated with a rapid decline in the renal function in patients with gout.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Risk factors of ultrasound-detected tophi in patients with gout.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Article
- Seasonal variation in the internet searches for gout: an ecological study.Clinical rheumatology · 2019Observational
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze clinical characteristics associated with the formation of subcutaneous tophi among Chinese gout patients. It was a retrospective outpatient cohort study. Five thousand six hundred ninety-three gout patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2011 to February 2016 were included and divided into the tophus group and non-tophus group according to the presence of megascopic tophus. Relevant clinical information and biochemical parameters were analyzed to identify potential risk factors for the incidence of subcutaneous tophi. There are significant difference (P < 0.05) between the tophus and non-tophus groups in gender, family history, exercise, incidence of obesity, hypertension, renal dysfunction, kidney stone, coronary heart disease, and upper limb joint involvement. Between the two groups, significant difference (P < 0.01) was detected in the onset age (43.80 ± 13.82 years vs. 45.40 ± 13.77 years), duration of disease (10.28 ± 7.54 years vs. 5.11 ± 6.06 years), number of joint involved (3.11 ± 2.15 vs. 1.81 ± 1.35), systolic pressure (138.53 ± 19.46 mmHg vs. 133.87 ± 17.93 mmHg), diastolic pressure (89.55 ± 12.73 mmHg vs. 87.48 ± 11.77 mmHg), serum uric acid (487.15 ± 120.13 μmol/L vs. 458.89 ± 119.04 μmol/L), creatinine (93.87 ± 54.19 μmol/L vs. 85.51 ± 37.71 μmol/L), and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) (93.05 ± 48.7 mL/min vs. 106.61 ± 51.76 mL/min). Logistic regression analysis suggests that duration of disease, number of joints involved, involvement of upper limb joints, kidney stones, diastolic pressure, and serum uric acid are associated with the subcutaneous tophi formation, while exercise and obesity are protective factors. The present study has identified several clinical parameters (such as duration of disease, involvement of upper limb joints, involved joints, kidney stone, hypertension) as risk factors for the incidence of subcutaneous tophi, which provides insights into the treatment and prevention of tophus.
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