ReviewBreast cancer research and treatment2018
Is invasion a necessary step for metastases in breast cancer?
Review in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Survival status and predictors of mortality among patients with breast cancer in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Advanced-stage breast cancer diagnosis and its determinants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Metachronous nodal metastases from HPV-associated penile carcinoma in situ.Urology case reports · 2025Article
- Trends in breast cancer death rates from ductal carcinoma in situ versus invasive cancer in the United States.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Multiplex characterization of circulating tumor cells from ductal carcinoma in situ patients suggests early tumor dissemination.Cancer letters · 2025Article
- Occult urothelial carcinoma with mediastinal metastasis: A case report.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Surgical De-Escalation for Re-Excision in Patients with a Margin Less Than 2 mm and a Diagnosis of DCIS.Cancers · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment's Role in Breast Cancer: A Glimpse into Promising Frontiers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Outcomes in patients with non-invasive breast carcinoma.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Breast cancer: emerging principles of metastasis, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment from cancer registry data.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Identifying recurrences and metastasis after ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast.Histopathology · 2023Review
- Clinicopathologic Features, Treatment Patterns, and Disease Outcomes in a Modern, Prospective Cohort of Young Women Diagnosed with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.Annals of surgical oncology · 2022Article
- Time interval between the diagnosis of breast cancer and brain metastases impacts prognosis after metastasis surgery.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Article
- Countercurrents: DCIS or Cancer? Why All the Confusion?Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of Breast: From Molecular Etiology to Therapeutic Management.Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Prediction of Short and Long Survival after Surgery for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.Cancers · 2022Article
- Histopathological growth distribution of ductal carcinoma in situ: tumor size is not "one size fits all".Gland surgery · 2022Article
- LncRNA IPW inhibits growth of ductal carcinoma in situ by downregulating ID2 through miR-29c.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2022Article
- Multiple Metastases of the Liver and Lung After Breast-Conserving Surgery for Ductal CarcinomaFrontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Propensity for Early Metastatic Spread in Breast Cancer: Role of Tumor Vascularization Features and Tumor Immune Infiltrate.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo review the empirical evidence to support the conventional (sequential) model of breast cancer progression, which is based on the paradigm that cancer passes through several stages, including an in situ stage prior to an invasive stage, and thereafter (in some cases) disseminates to the lymph nodes and distant organs.
methodsWe review the cancer literature of the last 50 years which relates to the prevention of invasive breast cancer (through radiotherapy or surgery) and reductions in the mortality for breast cancer.
resultsFor both invasive cancers and DCIS, the literature indicates that prevention of in-breast invasive recurrences does not prevent death from breast cancer. Moreover, the presence of residual cancer cells in the breast after breast-conserving surgery does not compromise the cure rate.
conclusionWe propose an alternate (parallel) model of breast cancer wherein there is a small pool of cancer stem cells which have metastatic potential from their inception and which disseminate synchronously through several routes-to the breast stroma, to the lymph nodes and to distant organs. Cancer cells which disseminate to the breast give rise to cells which make up the bulk of the tumour mass but these are not the source of the distant metastases.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.