Hikikomori: experience in Japan and international relevance.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

1. Media use during adolescence: the recommendations of the Italian Pediatric Society.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2019
   Pooled it
2. Morita Therapy-Based Nursing Support for Socially Withdrawn Japanese Youth (Hikikomori) with Gaze Phobia: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2026
   Article
3. A Rare Consequence of Digital Isolation: Bilateral Femoral Neck Fractures Induced by Hypocalcemic Seizure in a Hikikomori Adolescent.Cureus · 2026
   Article
4. Social marginalization risk and its negative association with socialising preferences in Japanese gamers.PloS one · 2026
   Article
5. Extreme social isolation risk is associated with story-driven, strategic and cooperative-first gameplay preferences.PLOS mental health · 2026
   Article
6. Health vulnerability and loneliness among adolescent and young adult populations: a comparison of generations based on a nationwide survey in Japan.BMJ public health · 2026
   Article
7. The flow cytometric analysis of depression focusing on modern-type depression and hikikomori: Exploring the link between subtypes of depression and immunological imbalances.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2025
   Article
8. Urbanization and emerging mental health problems: the role of the WPA Section on Urban Mental Health.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025
   Article
9. Global psychiatrists' opinions aboutPCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025
   Article
10. The rate of patients screened positive for gaming disorder/Internet gaming disorder among adolescents with mental health issues assessed by two screening tests: A nine-item screening test for GD (GAMES Test) and the Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10).PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025
    Article
11. On social health: history, conceptualization, and population patterning.Health psychology review · 2024
    Review
12. Case report: hikikomori syndrome in Italy and its link with autistic traits and internet gaming disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024
    Article
13. Successful remote treatment of a client with Hikikomori using internet-delivered cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder: a case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024
    Article
14. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and bilirubin as possible biomarkers for hikikomori in depression: A case-control study.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023
    Article
15. Autism Spectrum, Hikikomori Syndrome and Internet Gaming Disorder: Is There a Link?Brain sciences · 2023
    Review
16. Hikikomori: A Scientometric Review of 20 Years of Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Review
17. Pathological social withdrawal in autism spectrum disorder: A case control study of hikikomori in Japan.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023
    Article
18. Reaching hidden youth in Singapore through the Hidden Youth Intervention Program: A biopsychosocial approach integrating mental health and social work interventions.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023
    Article
19. The impact of higher levels of autistic traits on risk of hikikomori (pathological social withdrawal) in young adults.PloS one · 2023
    Article
20. Validation of the Italian version of the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25-I).Journal of clinical psychology · 2023
    Article

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.