ArticleBMC infectious diseases2018
Risk factors for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli Ulcer) in Togo ─ a case-control study in Zio and Yoto districts of the maritime region.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Individual and clinical variables associated with the risk of Buruli ulcer acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Integrated action for skin NTDs: Deconstructing transmission, addressing knowledge gaps, and championing one health strategies.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Risk factors for Buruli ulcer disease in Ghana: A matched case-control study in four selected endemic districts of Eastern and Oti Regions.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Systematic review: Global host range, case fatality and detection rates ofJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Review
- Article
- A combined field study of Buruli ulcer disease in southeast Benin proposing preventive strategies based on epidemiological, geographic, behavioural and environmental analyses.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Understanding the transmission of Mycobacterium ulcerans: A step towards controlling Buruli ulcer.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Review
- Buruli ulcer: The Efficacy of Innate Immune Defense May Be a Key Determinant for the Outcome of Infection WithFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Recombinant Antibodies against Mycolactone.Toxins · 2019Article
- Buruli Ulcer: a Review of the Current Knowledge.Current tropical medicine reports · 2018Review
- From hidden outbreaks to epidemic emergencies: the threat associated with neglecting emerging pathogens.Microbes and infectionReview
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBuruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected mycobacterial skin infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. This disease mostly affects poor rural populations, especially in areas with low hygiene standards and sanitation coverage. The objective of this study was to identify these risk factors in the districts of Zio and Yoto of the Maritime Region in Togo.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study in Zio and Yoto, two districts proved BU endemic from November 2014 to May 2015. BU cases were diagnosed according to the WHO clinical case definition at the Centre Hospitalier Régional de Tsévié (CHR Tsévié) and confirmed by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) microscopy and IS2404 polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For each case, up to two controls matched by sex and place of residence were recruited. Socio-demographic, environmental or behavioral data were collected and conditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify and compare risk factors between BU cases and controls.
resultsA total of 83 cases and 128 controls were enrolled. The median age was 15 years (range 3-65 years). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis after adjustment for potential confounders identified age (< 10 years (OR =11.48, 95% CI = 3.72-35.43) and 10-14 years (OR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.22-10.83)), receiving insect bites near a river (OR = 7.8, 95% CI = 1.48-41.21) and bathing with water from open borehole (OR = 5.77, (1.11-29.27)) as independent predictors of acquiring BU infection.
conclusionsThis study identified age, bathing with water from open borehole and receiving insect bites near a river as potential risk of acquiring BU infection in Zio and Yoto districts of the Maritime Region in south Togo.
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