ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2018
Maximal strength training-induced improvements in forearm work efficiency are associated with reduced blood flow.
Article in American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maximal strength training-induced increase in efferent neural drive is not reflected in relative protein expression of SERCA.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Trial
- Determinants of skeletal muscle oxygen consumption assessed by near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy during incremental handgrip exercise.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2019Trial
- Heavy Strength Training in Older Adults: Implications for Health, Disease and Physical Performance.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Review
- Walking netEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Does Grappling Combat Sports Experience Influence Exercise Tolerance of Handgrip Muscles in the Severe-Intensity Domain?Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Aging increases metabolic capacity and reduces work efficiency during handgrip exercise in males.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Maximal intended velocity enhances strength training-induced neuromuscular stimulation in older adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Article
- Resistance Exercise in People With Stage-3 Chronic Kidney Disease: Effects of Training Frequency (Weekly Volume) on Measures of Muscle Wasting and Function.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Prediction of upper extremity peak oxygen consumption from heart rate during submaximal arm cycling in young and middle-aged adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Article
- Maximal strength training increases muscle force generating capacity and the anaerobic ATP synthesis flux without altering the cost of contraction in elderly.Experimental gerontology · 2018Article
- Reliability of forearm oxygen uptake during handgrip exercise: assessment by ultrasonography and venous blood gas.Physiological reports · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Maximal strength training (MST) improves work efficiency. However, since blood flow is greatly dictated by muscle contractions in arms during exercise and vascular conductance is lower, it has been indicated that arms rely more upon adapting oxygen extraction than legs in response to the enhanced work efficiency. Thus, to investigate if metabolic and vascular responses are arm specific, we used Doppler-ultrasound and a catheter placed in the subclavian vein to measure blood flow and the arteriovenous oxygen difference during steady-state work in seven young men [24 ± 3 (SD) yr] following 6 wk of handgrip MST. As expected, MST improved maximal strength (49 ± 9 to 62 ± 10 kg) and the rate of force development (923 ± 224 to 1,086 ± 238 N/s), resulting in a reduced submaximal oxygen uptake (30 ± 9 to 24 ± 10 ml/min) and concomitantly increased work efficiency (9.3 ± 2.5 to 12.4 ± 3.9%) (all P < 0.05). In turn, the work efficiency improvement was associated with reduced blood flow (486 ± 102 to 395 ± 114 ml/min), mediated by a lower blood velocity (43 ± 8 to 32 ± 6 cm/s) (all P < 0.05). Conduit artery diameter and the arteriovenous oxygen difference remained unaltered. The maximal work test revealed an increased time to exhaustion (949 ± 239 to 1,102 ± 292 s) and maximal work rate (both P < 0.05) but no change in peak oxygen uptake. In conclusion, despite prior indications of metabolic and vascular limb-specific differences, these results reveal that improved work efficiency after small muscle mass strength training in the upper extremities is accompanied by a blood flow reduction and coheres with what has been documented for lower extremities. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Maximal strength training increases skeletal muscle work efficiency. Oxygen extraction has been indicated to be the adapting component with this increased work efficiency in arms. However, we document that decreased blood flow, achieved by blood velocity reduction, is the adapting mechanism responding to the improved aerobic metabolism in the forearm musculature.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.