ArticlePloS one2018
Stockouts of HIV commodities in public health facilities in Kinshasa: Barriers to end HIV.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Evaluation of HIV treatment outcomes with reduced frequency of clinical encounters and antiretroviral treatment refills: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Barriers to and enablers of uptake of antiretroviral therapy in integrated HIV and tuberculosis treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Pooled it
- A Continuous Quality Improvement Intervention to Improve Antenatal HIV Care Testing in Rural South Africa: Evaluation of Implementation in a Real-World Setting.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Trial
- HIV viral suppression among pregnant and breastfeeding women in routine care in the Kinshasa province: a baseline evaluation of participants in CQI-PMTCT study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Trial
- Drug stock-outs in HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria programs: a systematic review.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Review
- Qualitative Exploration of Healthcare Providers' Perspectives on HIV Service Vulnerability During Funding Disruption in Nigeria.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Malaria prophylaxis stock-outs and birth- and maternal outcomes in Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Association of comprehensiveness of antiretroviral care and detectable HIV viral load suppression among pregnant and postpartum women in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Article
- Virological and care outcomes of community ART distribution: Experience with the PODI+ model in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Assessing determinants of the availability of HIV tracer commodities in health facilities in Wakiso District, Uganda.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Antiretroviral therapy regimen modification rates and associated factors in a cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in Asmara, Eritrea: a 16-year retrospective analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Virological non-suppression among adult males attending HIV care services in the fishing communities in Bulisa district, Uganda.PloS one · 2023Article
- Availability and experiences of differentiated antiretroviral therapy delivery at HIV care facilities in rural Zimbabwe: a mixed-method study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- How could HIV-1 drug resistance impact preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2022Review
- Casting a Wide Net: HIV Drug Resistance Monitoring in Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Seroconverters in the Global Evaluation of Microbicide Sensitivity Project.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Exploring the barriers to the antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV in Bangladesh: A qualitative approach.PloS one · 2022Article
- Evaluating the availability of essential drugs for hypertension, diabetes and asthma in rural Rwanda, 2018.Public health action · 2021Article
- Investigating the implementation of differentiated HIV services and implications for pregnant and postpartum women: A mixed methods multi-country study.Global public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stockouts of HIV commodities increase the risk of treatment interruption, antiretroviral resistance, treatment failure, morbidity and mortality. The study objective was to assess the magnitude and duration of stockouts of HIV medicines and diagnostic tests in public facilities in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This was a cross-sectional survey involving visits to facilities and warehouses in April and May 2015. All zonal warehouses, all public facilities with more than 200 patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) (high-burden facilities) and a purposive sample of facilities with 200 or fewer patients (low-burden facilities) in Kinshasa were selected. We focused on three adult ART formulations, cotrimoxazole tablets, and HIV diagnostic tests. Availability of items was determined by physical check, while stockout duration until the day of the survey visit was verified with stock cards. In case of ART stockouts, we asked the pharmacist in charge what the facility coping strategy was for patients needing those medicines. The study included 28 high-burden facilities and 64 low-burden facilities, together serving around 22000 ART patients. During the study period, a national shortage of the newly introduced first-line regimen Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Efavirenz resulted in stockouts of this regimen in 56% of high-burden and 43% of low-burden facilities, lasting a median of 36 (interquartile range 29-90) and 44 days (interquartile range 24-90) until the day of the survey visit, respectively. Each of the other investigated commodities were found out of stock in at least two low-burden and two high-burden facilities. In 30/41 (73%) of stockout cases, the commodity was absent at the facility but present at the upstream warehouse. In 30/57 (54%) of ART stockout cases, patients did not receive any medicines. In some cases, patients were switched to different ART formulations or regimens. Stockouts of HIV commodities were common in the visited facilities. Introduction of new ART regimens needs additional planning.
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