Trial reportThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2018
Effects of a Primary Care-Based Multifactorial Intervention on Physical and Cognitive Function in Frail, Elderly Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04902716 (The Effectiveness of Precision Nursing Intervention Program on Cognitive Function、Sleep Quality and Emotional State of Frail Female Elderly in the Community), which is not on this map. Cited by 59 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectiveness of Precision Nursing Intervention Program on Cognitive Function、Sleep Quality and Emotional State of Frail Female Elderly in the Community
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of nudge-based physical activity interventions in frail older adults: a systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of multidomain interventions on health outcomes in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Pooled it
- Adherence to Exercise Interventions in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of exercise interventions on physical function, cognitive function and quality of life of frail older adults in nursing homes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Multicomponent exercise interventions for cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a summary of best evidence.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The effectiveness of multicomponent exercise in older adults with cognitive frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of pre-operative exercise training on post-operative cognitive function: a systematic review.European geriatric medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Community-based complex interventions to sustain independence in older people, stratified by frailty: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Community based complex interventions to sustain independence in older people: systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effects of Combined Cognitive-Physical Interventions on Cognitive Functioning in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Current evidence on the impact of medication optimization or pharmacological interventions on frailty or aspects of frailty: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Nutritional Intervention to Prevent the Functional Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Primary care interventions to address physical frailty among community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older: A meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Enabling health and maintaining independence for older people at home: the 'HomeHealth' Randomised Controlled Trial.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of favipiravir plus interferon-beta versus lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-beta in moderately ill patients with COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of medical virology · 2022Trial
- Blended home-based exercise and dietary protein in community-dwelling older adults: a cluster randomized controlled trial.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2020Trial
- Recommendations for the management of frailty in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Detecting and managing frailty at early stages can prevent disability and other adverse outcomes. The study aim was to evaluate whether a multifactorial intervention program could modify physical and cognitive frailty parameters in elderly individuals. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, single-blind, parallel-group trial in community-living prefrail/frail elderly individuals in Barcelona. A total of 352 patients, aged ≥65 years old with positive frailty screening, was randomized into two groups to receive a 12-week multidisciplinary intervention or usual care, with concealed allocation. The intervention consisted of: exercise training, intake of hyperproteic nutritional shakes, memory training, and medication review. Main outcome assessments with multivariate analysis were conducted at 3 and 18 months. Results: A total of 347 participants (98.6%) completed the study, mean age 77.3 years, 89 prefrail subjects (25.3%), and 75.3% female (n = 265). Eighteen-month assessments were performed in 76% of the sample. After 3 and 18 months, adjusted means difference between-groups showed significant improvements for the intervention group in all comparisons: Short Physical Performance Battery score improved 1.58 and 1.36 points (p < .001), handgrip strength 2.84 and 2.49 kg (p < .001), functional reach 4.3 and 4.52 cm (p < .001), and number of prescriptions decreased 1.39 and 1.09 (p < .001), respectively. Neurocognitive battery also showed significant improvements across all dimensions at 3 and 18 months. Conclusions: A physical, nutritional, neurocognitive, and pharmacological multifaceted intervention was effective in reversing frailty measures both at short-term and 18 months. Lasting benefits of a multi-intervention program among frail elderly individuals encourage its prioritization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.