ReviewKidney international reports2018
Hyponatremia and the Brain.
Review in Kidney international reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of hyponatremia and risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in stroke · 2026Pooled it
- Osmotic demyelination as a complication of hyponatremia correction: a systematic review.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaPooled it
- A pragmatic, open-label, randomized controlled trial of Plasma-Lyte-148 versus standard intravenous fluids in children receiving kidney transplants (PLUTO).Kidney international · 2024Trial
- Hyponatraemia in Neck of Femur Fracture: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Outcomes.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association Between Hyponatremia and Rehabilitation Outcomes After Stroke: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Pediatric osmotic demyelination syndrome triggered by post-traumatic pituitary stalk injury: a case report.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Review
- Maternal low-sodium diet impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in adult mouse offspring.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Article
- Early seizures and heterogeneity of physiologic recovery in heat-related illness: a nationwide registry study.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome Complicating Moderate Hyponatremia Correction in the Emergency Department: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Serum Osmolality and Stroke Mortality in the ICU: A U-Shaped Risk Pattern and Its Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Fluid Resuscitation Strategies in Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Chronic Hyponatremia Potentiates Innate Anxiety-Like Behaviors Through the Dysfunction of Monoaminergic Neurons in Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Central Pontine Myelinolysis in a Patient with Alcohol Use Disorder without Hyponatremia: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- Article
- The Intersections of COVID-19, HIV, and Race/Ethnicity: Machine Learning Methods to Identify and Model Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in a Large U.S. National Dataset.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Development of predictive model for the neurological deterioration among mild traumatic brain injury patients using machine learning algorithms.Neurosurgical review · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hyponatremia is defined by low serum sodium concentration and is the most common electrolyte disorder encountered in clinical practice. Serum sodium is the main determinant of plasma osmolality, which, in turn, affects cell volume. In the presence of low extracellular osmolality, cells will swell if the adaptation mechanisms involved in the cell volume maintenance are inadequate. The most dramatic effects of hyponatremia on the brain are seen when serum sodium concentration decreases in a short period, allowing little or no adaptation. The brain is constrained inside a nonextensible envelope; thus, brain swelling carries a significant morbidity because of the compression of brain parenchyma over the rigid skull. Serum sodium concentration is an important determinant of several biological pathways in the nervous system, and recent studies have suggested that hyponatremia carries a significant risk of neurological impairment even in the absence of brain edema. The brain can also be affected by the treatment of hyponatremia, which, if not undertaken cautiously, could lead to osmotic demyelination syndrome, a rare demyelinating brain disorder that occurs after rapid correction of severe hyponatremia. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of brain complications of hyponatremia and its treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.