ArticleJournal of general and family medicine2018
Relationships between road-distance to primary care facilities and ischemic heart disease and stroke mortality in Hokkaido, Japan: A Bayesian hierarchical approach to ecological count data.
Article in Journal of general and family medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Areal Units and Adjacency Used in Bayesian Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Conditional Autoregressive Models in Health Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of spatial accessibility to primary care physicians on health care outcomes and costs.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- The association between living environment and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest risk in adults: the perspective of daily-life contexts.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Article
- Spatial-temporal analysis of cerebral infarction mortality in Hokkaido, Japan: an ecological study using a conditional autoregressive model.International journal of health geographics · 2022Article
- Doctors' contributions to primary care in outpatient clinics in depopulated areas within Hokkaido.Journal of rural medicine : JRM · 2020Article
- Relationships between road-distance to primary care facilities and ischemic heart disease and stroke mortality in Hokkaido, Japan: A Bayesian hierarchical approach to ecological count data.Journal of general and family medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Poor access to a primary care physician may lead to poor control of risk factors for disease. This study investigated whether geographic access to a primary care physician was related to ischemic heart disease and stroke mortality. Methods: Road-distances from the centroids of the basic unit blocks of the 2010 Japanese Census to the nearest primary care facilities in Hokkaido, northern Japan, were measured using geographic information system (GIS) software. Next, block population-weighted mean road-distances to primary care facilities in all municipalities were calculated. The numbers of deaths from ischemic heart disease and stroke were obtained from the Vital Statistics Bureau. A Bayesian spatial conditional autoregressive (CAR) model was used to analyze relative risk (RR) by road-distance with the numbers of physicians in the municipality included as a covariate. Results: Relative risk (per 1 kilometer increased) of death from ischemic heart disease to road-distance to the nearest primary care facility was not significantly higher in men (1.108: 95% credible interval [CI] 0.999-1.037) and women (1.023: 95% CI 1.000-1.046). However, RR of death from stroke was significantly higher in men (1.019: 95% CI 1.005-1.032) and women (1.019: 95% CI 1.006-1.033). Conclusion: Longer road-distance to a primary care facility may increase the risk of stroke mortality.
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