Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29339476›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2018

Coding of episodic memory in the human hippocampus.

John T Wixted, Stephen D Goldinger, Larry R Squire, Joel R Kuhn, Megan H Papesh, Kris A Smith, David M Treiman, Peter N Steinmetz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Enhanced brain activity associated with memory access in highly superior autobiographical memory.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Microglia Support Both the Singular Form of LTP Expressed by the Lateral Perforant Path and Episodic Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Two kinds of memory signals in neurons of the human hippocampus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

John T WixtedDepartment of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; jwixted@ucsd.edu lsquire@ucsd.edu.
Stephen D GoldingerDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.
Larry R SquireDepartment of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; jwixted@ucsd.edu lsquire@ucsd.edu.
Joel R KuhnDepartment of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
Megan H PapeshDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803.
Kris A SmithDepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013.
David M TreimanDepartment of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013.
Peter N SteinmetzDepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013.

Funding

Cognitive Load in the Bilingual Brain: Insights from Decoupled ReadingR01HD075800 · NICHD · ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS · PI GOLDINGER, STEPHEN D · 2014 to 2018
$2.5M
Individual and joint contributions of the hemispheres to language comprehensionF31DC009781 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI WLOTKO, EDWARD W · 2008 to 2008
$39k
The Neuropsychology of MemoryI01CX000359 · VA · VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI SQUIRE, LARRY R · 2011 to 2018
–
CSRD VA I01 CX000359NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD075800NIDCD NIH HHS F31 DC009781
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurocomputational models have long posited that episodic memories in the human hippocampus are represented by sparse, stimulus-specific neural codes. A concomitant proposal is that when sparse-distributed neural assemblies become active, they suppress the activity of competing neurons (neural sharpening). We investigated episodic memory coding in the hippocampus and amygdala by measuring single-neuron responses from 20 epilepsy patients (12 female) undergoing intracranial monitoring while they completed a continuous recognition memory task. In the left hippocampus, the distribution of single-neuron activity indicated that only a small fraction of neurons exhibited strong responding to a given repeated word and that each repeated word elicited strong responding in a different small fraction of neurons. This finding reflects sparse distributed coding. The remaining large fraction of neurons exhibited a concurrent reduction in firing rates relative to novel words. The observed pattern accords with longstanding predictions that have previously received scant support from single-cell recordings from human hippocampus.

Indexed as

Memory, EpisodicAction PotentialsAdultAmygdalaBehaviorBrain MappingComputer SimulationEpilepsyFemaleHippocampusHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuronsNeurosciencesTemporal Lobeamygdalaepisodic memoryhippocampussingle units

Identifiers

PMID29339476
PMCPMC5798361

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.