ArticleJournal of the American Chemical Society2018
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer in Chemical Reactions: A Mechanistic Tool for NMR Detection and Characterization of Transient Intermediates.
Article in Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chemical exchange saturation transfer NMR: An analytical tool and its applications.Magnetic resonance letters · 2026Review
- Elucidating the Stereodirecting Effect of C-4 Acyl Groups on Galactosyl Donors.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Detecting glycosyl-oxonium and glycosyl-nitrilium ions using exchange NMR to investigate solvent effects in glycosylation reactions.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Elucidating the Curtin-Hammett Principle in Glycosylation Reactions: The Decisive Role of Equatorial Glycosyl Triflates.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Mechanism of C-3 Acyl Neighboring Group Participation in Mannuronic Acid Glycosyl Donors.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Characterization of elusive rhamnosyl dioxanium ions and their application in complex oligosaccharide synthesis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Detection and Characterization of Rapidly Equilibrating Glycosylation Reaction Intermediates Using Exchange NMR.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- Article
- Elucidating the mechanisms underlying protein conformational switching using NMR spectroscopy.Journal of magnetic resonance open · 2022Article
- Paramagnetic relaxation enhancement NMR as a tool to probe guest binding and exchange in metallohosts.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Characterization of Mannosyl Dioxanium Ions in Solution Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer NMR Spectroscopy.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2022Article
- Sensitivity Enhancement by Progressive Saturation of the Proton Reservoir: A Solid-State NMR Analogue of Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2021Article
- Measuring radiofrequency fields in NMR spectroscopy using offset-dependent nutation profiles.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2021Article
- Amide signal intensities may be reduced in the motor cortex and the corticospinal tract of ALS patients.European radiology · 2021Article
- Indirect detection of intermediate in decarboxylation reaction of phenylglyoxylic acid by hyperpolarizedChemical communications (Cambridge, England) · 2020Article
- A CEST NMR experiment to obtain glycineJournal of biomolecular NMR · 2020Article
- Origin of rate enhancement and asynchronicity in iminium catalyzed Diels-Alder reactions.Chemical science · 2020Article
- NMR and Computational Studies on the Reactions of Enamines with Nitroalkenes That May Pass through Cyclobutanes.ACS omega · 2019Article
- Observation and Kinetic Characterization of Transient Schiff Base Intermediates by CEST NMR Spectroscopy.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2019Article
- Relaxation Dispersion NMR to Reveal Fast Dynamics in Brønsted Acid Catalysis: Influence of Sterics and H-Bond Strength on Conformations and Substrate Hopping.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The low sensitivity of NMR and transient key intermediates below detection limit are the central problems studying reaction mechanisms by NMR. Sensitivity can be enhanced by hyperpolarization techniques such as dynamic nuclear polarization or the incorporation/interaction of special hyperpolarized molecules. However, all of these techniques require special equipment, are restricted to selective reactions, or undesirably influence the reaction pathways. Here, we apply the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) technique for the first time to NMR detect and characterize previously unobserved transient reaction intermediates in organocatalysis. The higher sensitivity of CEST and chemical equilibria present in the reaction pathway are exploited to access population and kinetics information on low populated intermediates. The potential of the method is demonstrated on the proline-catalyzed enamine formation for unprecedented in situ detection of a DPU stabilized zwitterionic iminium species, the elusive key intermediate between enamine and oxazolidinones. The quantitative analysis of CEST data at 250 K revealed the population ratio of [Z-iminium]/[exo-oxazolidinone] 0.02, relative free energy +8.1 kJ/mol (calculated +7.3 kJ/mol), and free energy barrier of +45.9 kJ/mol (ΔG
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.