Observational studyThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2018
Antibiotic prescribing quality for children in primary care: an observational study.
Observational study in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with inappropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions for acutely ill children presenting to ambulatory care in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Digital interventions for parents of acutely ill children and their treatment-seeking behaviour: a systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2020Pooled it
- The Effect of Amoxicillin with Clavulanate on the Microbiota of Tonsillar Tissue in Disease: a Randomized Control Trial.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Trial
- Parental awareness and management of antibiotic side effects and allergies in children and young people: a UK survey.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Carriage epidemiology of Moraxella catarrhalis in an all-age community cohort between 2016 and 2018.Access microbiology · 2026Article
- A core outcome set for acute otitis media (COS-AOM) for primary and community care studies.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Prescribing Antibiotics for Children with Acute Conditions in Public Primary Care Clinics in Singapore: A Retrospective Cohort Database Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns in Children among Primary Healthcare Institutions in China: A Nationwide Retrospective Study, 2017-2019.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Decision Challenges for Managing Acute Paediatric Infections: Implications for Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Diagnosis and Antibiotic Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Danish General Practice: A Quality Assessment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Reduction in broad-spectrum antimicrobial prescriptions by primary care pediatricians following a multifaceted antimicrobial stewardship program.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Article
- Management of acute fever in children: Consensus recommendations for community and primary healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2021Review
- Patient Factors in Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in the Emergency Department.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2021Article
- Increasing paediatric prescribing rates in British Columbian children: cause for concern?Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2020Article
- Overtesting and overtreatment-statement from the European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP).European journal of pediatrics · 2019Article
- Implications of Overprescription of Antibiotics: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2019Article
- Workflow-based data solutions are required to support antimicrobial stewardship in general practice.BMJ open quality · 2019Article
- Quality assessment in general practice: diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of acute respiratory tract infections.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOveruse and inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics is driving antibiotic resistance. GPs often prescribe antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in young children despite their marginal beneficial effects.
aimTo assess the quality of antibiotic prescribing for common infections in young children attending primary care and to investigate influencing factors. DESIGN AND
settingAn observational, descriptive analysis, including children attending primary care sites in England and Wales.
methodThe Diagnosis of Urinary Tract infection in Young children study collected data on 7163 children aged <5 years, presenting to UK primary care with an acute illness (<28 days). Data were compared with the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net) disease-specific quality indicators to assess prescribing for URTIs, tonsillitis, and otitis media, against ESAC-Net proposed standards. Non-parametric trend tests and χ
resultsPrescribing rates fell within the recommendations for URTIs but exceeded the recommended limits for tonsillitis and otitis media. The proportion of children receiving the recommended antibiotic was below standards for URTIs and tonsillitis, but within the recommended limits for otitis media. Prescribing rates increased as the level of deprivation decreased for all infections (
conclusionThe quality of antibiotic prescribing in this study was mixed and highlights the scope for future improvements. There is a need to assess further the quality of disease-specific antibiotic prescribing in UK primary care settings using data representative of routine clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.