Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29334369›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2018

Dual gene activation and knockout screen reveals directional dependencies in genetic networks.

Michael Boettcher, Ruilin Tian, James A Blau, Evan Markegard, Ryan T Wagner, David Wu, Xiulei Mo, Anne Biton, Noah Zaitlen, Haian Fu and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 158 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Article
  9. Scaling perturbations: beyond genome-scale CRISPR screens.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
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  13. A unified genetic perturbation language for human cellular programming.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
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  18. Article
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39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael BoettcherDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco Diabetes Center, WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0986-4465
Ruilin TianInstitute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA.
James A BlauDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco Diabetes Center, WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Evan MarkegardHelen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ryan T WagnerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco Diabetes Center, WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
David WuDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco Diabetes Center, WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Xiulei MoDepartment of Pharmacology and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Anne BitonDepartment of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Noah ZaitlenDepartment of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Haian FuDepartment of Pharmacology and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2362-7979
Frank McCormickHelen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Martin KampmannInstitute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3819-7019
Michael T McManusDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco Diabetes Center, WM Keck Center for Noncoding RNAs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3013-6569
University of California, San Francisco · USEmory University · USCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FR

Funding

New Ways of Targeting K-RasR35CA197709 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MCCORMICK, FRANK PATRICK · 2016 to 2022
$6.7M
HIGH THROUGHPUT PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION INTERROGATION IN CANCERU01CA168449 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI FU, HAIAN · 2012 to 2016
$4.2M
Bay Area Cancer Target Discovery and Development NetworkU01CA168370 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MCCORMICK, FRANK PATRICK, MCMANUS, MICHAEL T · 2012 to 2016
$3.9M
Rewiring of the human protein homeostasis network in normal and disease contextsDP2GM119139 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KAMPMANN, MARTIN · 2015 to 2015
$2.3M
Unlocking the Hidden KinomeU01MH105028 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MCMANUS, MICHAEL T · 2014 to 2016
$978k
Richer Models of Asthma Risk: Bridging the Environment-Genetics DivideK25HL121295 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ZAITLEN, NOAH A · 2014 to 2018
$784k
Stress response networks in cancer: systematic mapping and therapeutic potentialR00CA181494 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KAMPMANN, MARTIN · 2015 to 2017
$747k
Stress response networks in cancer: systematic mapping and therapeutic potentialK99CA181494 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KAMPMANN, MARTIN · 2014 to 2014
$139k
NCI NIH HHS K99 CA181494NCI NIH HHS R00 CA181494NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197709NCI NIH HHS U01 CA168370NCI NIH HHS U01 CA168449NHLBI NIH HHS K25 HL121295NIGMS NIH HHS DP2 GM119139NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH105028
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the direction of information flow is essential for characterizing how genetic networks affect phenotypes. However, methods to find genetic interactions largely fail to reveal directional dependencies. We combine two orthogonal Cas9 proteins from Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus to carry out a dual screen in which one gene is activated while a second gene is deleted in the same cell. We analyze the quantitative effects of activation and knockout to calculate genetic interaction and directionality scores for each gene pair. Based on the results from over 100,000 perturbed gene pairs, we reconstruct a directional dependency network for human K562 leukemia cells and demonstrate how our approach allows the determination of directionality in activating genetic interactions. Our interaction network connects previously uncharacterized genes to well-studied pathways and identifies targets relevant for therapeutic intervention.

Indexed as

Computational BiologyCRISPR-Associated Protein 9Epistasis, GeneticGene Knockout TechniquesGene Regulatory NetworksHumansK562 CellsStaphylococcus aureusStreptococcus pyogenesTranscriptional ActivationCRISPR-Associated Protein 9

Identifiers

PMID29334369
PMCPMC6072461
OpenAlexW2783339841

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.