ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2018
Increased non-AIDS mortality among persons with AIDS-defining events after antiretroviral therapy initiation.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health-Related Quality of Life in People with Advanced HIV Disease, from 1996 to 2021: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Long-term mortality after tuberculosis treatment among persons living with HIV in Haiti.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Trends in hospitalizations in adults with HIV infection in Spain over 25 years.Pathogens and global health · 2026Article
- The Forgotten Test: Missed Opportunities for HIV Diagnosis and Survival Outcomes in Advanced HIV Disease.Viruses · 2026Article
- Soaring hospitalization burden and a paradigm shift to non-aids-defining events among people living with HIV in Western China: a decade-long retrospective cohort study (2013-2022).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV Who Present to Care with AIDS or Severe Immunodeficiency: The CoRIS AIDS Survivors Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- The sex differences in diseases progression and prognosis among persons with HIV and HBV coinfection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comorbidity Clusters and Immune Profiles in Hospitalized People with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis at a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern China.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Trends in Mortality in People With HIV From 1999 through 2020: A Multicohort Collaboration.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Evolving AIDS- and non-AIDS Mortality and Predictors in the PISCIS Cohort of People Living With HIV in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands (Spain), 1998-2020.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Estimation of Improvements in Mortality in Spectrum Among Adults With HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in High-Income Countries.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2024Article
- Causes of death in people living with HIV: Lessons from five health facilities in Eswatini.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2024Article
- Incidence of cardiometabolic outcomes among people living with HIV-1 initiated on integrase strand transfer inhibitor versus non-integrase strand transfer inhibitor antiretroviral therapies: a retrospective analysis of insurance claims in the United States.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Survival and predictors of mortality after completion of TB treatment among people living with HIV: a 5-year analytical cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Clinical Course Among Subjects HIV-1-Infected in Sao Paulo.Current HIV research · 2022Article
- Impact of Advanced HIV Disease on Quality of Life and Mortality in the Era of Combined Antiretroviral Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Review
- Post-tuberculosis mortality risk among immigrants to British Columbia, Canada, 1985-2015: a time-dependent Cox regression analysis of linked immigration, public health, and vital statistics data.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 19 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHIV-1 infection leads to chronic inflammation and to an increased risk of non-AIDS mortality. Our objective was to determine whether AIDS-defining events (ADEs) were associated with increased overall and cause-specific non-AIDS related mortality after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.
methodsWe included HIV treatment-naïve adults from the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC) who initiated ART from 1996 to 2014. Causes of death were assigned using the Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe) protocol. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for overall and cause-specific non-AIDS mortality among those with an ADE (all ADEs, tuberculosis (TB), Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)) compared to those without an ADE was estimated using a marginal structural model.
resultsThe adjusted hazard of overall non-AIDS mortality was higher among those with any ADE compared to those without any ADE (aHR 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.00 to 2.43). The adjusted hazard of each of the cause-specific non-AIDS related deaths were higher among those with any ADE compared to those without, except metabolic deaths (malignancy aHR 2.59 (95% CI 2.13 to 3.14), accident/suicide/overdose aHR 1.37 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.79), cardiovascular aHR 1.95 (95% CI 1.54 to 2.48), infection aHR (95% CI 1.68 to 2.81), hepatic aHR 2.09 (95% CI 1.61 to 2.72), respiratory aHR 4.28 (95% CI 2.67 to 6.88), renal aHR 5.81 (95% CI 2.69 to 12.56) and central nervous aHR 1.53 (95% CI 1.18 to 5.44)). The risk of overall and cause-specific non-AIDS mortality differed depending on the specific ADE of interest (TB, PJP, NHL).
conclusionsIn this large multi-centre cohort collaboration with standardized assignment of causes of death, non-AIDS mortality was twice as high among patients with an ADE compared to without an ADE. However, non-AIDS related mortality after an ADE depended on the ADE of interest. Although there may be unmeasured confounders, these findings suggest that a common pathway may be independently driving both ADEs and NADE mortality. While prevention of ADEs may reduce subsequent death due to NADEs following ART initiation, modification of risk factors for NADE mortality remains important after ADE survival.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.