ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2018
The levels of 12 cytokines and growth factors in tears: hyperthyreosis vs euthyreosis.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gene polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory cytokines may affect the risk of Graves' disease: a meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Pooled it
- Nonsurgical treatment for upper eyelid retraction in patients with inactive Graves' orbitopathy.International ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- Exploring tear fluid biomarkers and the ocular surface in thyroid eye disease.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- The ocular surface tear film as a biomarker for systemic health.The ocular surface · 2025Review
- Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Dry Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for Ocular Surface Irritation Symptoms in Inactive Mild and Moderate-to-Severe Graves' Orbitopathy.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of immune-related differentially expressed genes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy based on the GEO database.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Ocular surface disease in thyroid eye disease: A narrative review.The ocular surface · 2022Review
- Review
- Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Drops for Evaporative Dry Eye Disease from Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Pilot Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Thyroid function in COVID-19 and the association with cytokine levels and mortality.Endocrine connections · 2021Article
- The 4G/5G Polymorphism of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 is a Predictor of Moderate-to-Severe Thyroid Eye Disease.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- Tear inflammatory cytokines and ocular surface changes in patients with active thyroid eye disease treated with high-dose intravenous glucocorticoids.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020Article
- Blood-Based Treatments for Severe Dry Eye Disease: The Need of a Consensus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSimultaneous analyses of the contents and ratios of 12 cytokines and growth factors in single samples of human tears were performed, and the results were compared between a group of healthy subjects and a group of patients with Graves' hyperthyreosis (GH) without thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).
methodsDeterminations and concentration measurements of interleukins (IL-2, IL4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α, and IL-1β) interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were performed with single tear samples from 21 patients with hyperthyreosis and 22 healthy subjects. The analyses were performed using a Randox microchip with an Evidence Biochip Array Analyzer.
resultsWe found significant differences between the healthy donor group and the hyperthyreosis group in the levels of IL-6, IL-10, VEGF, IL-1α, and MCP-1. The concentration of IL-6 was considerably higher in the hyperthyreosis group, IL-10 was higher in the healthy donor group, and VEGF and MPC-1 were higher in the hyperthyreosis group. The IL-8 and IFN-γ levels were higher in the hyperthyreosis group. The ratios of all of the cytokines to anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly elevated in the hyperthyreosis group.
conclusionThere are clear differences in the levels of cytokines and growth factors in the tears of healthy subjects and patients with GH without TAO. Tear cytokine changes and related dysfunctional tear syndrome (DTS) could be an early sign of occult TAO in Graves' hyperthyreosis patients.
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