ArticleInternational journal of cancer2018
The association between smoking and cancer incidence in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of smoking and breast cancer risk: by age of smoking initiation.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Pooled it
- Modifiable risk factors in women at high risk of breast cancer: a systematic review.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Pooled it
- The relationship between tobacco and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Flavonoid-rich foods, genetic risk, and female breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Insights into genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk in carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants.Hereditary cancer in clinical practice · 2025Review
- CHEK2-related breast cancer: real-world challenges.Familial cancer · 2025Article
- Associations between the life's essential 8, genetic risk and breast cancer incidence in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: a prospective study in UK Biobank.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
- Association of Life's Essential 8 cardiovascular health with breast cancer incidence and mortality according to genetic susceptibility of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Global epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer by BRCA Status: A Collaborative Case-Only Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Lifestyle Factors and Breast Cancer in Females with PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS).Cancers · 2024Article
- Germline BRCA variants, lifestyle and ovarian cancer survival.Gynecologic oncology · 2022Article
- Can harmful lifestyle, obesity and weight changes increase the risk of breast cancer in BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutation carriers? A Mini review.Hereditary cancer in clinical practice · 2021Review
- A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2021Review
- Genetic Factors, Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Behavior, and Risk of Invasive Breast Cancer Among Women in the UK Biobank.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2020Article
- Alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and familial breast cancer risk: findings from the Prospective Family Study Cohort (ProF-SC).Breast cancer research : BCR · 2019Article
- Sedentary Behavior and Alcohol Consumption Increase Breast Cancer Risk Regardless of Menopausal Status: A Case-Control Study.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Review
- Breast cancer development and progression: Risk factors, cancer stem cells, signaling pathways, genomics, and molecular pathogenesis.Genes & diseases · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Tobacco smoke is an established carcinogen, but the association between tobacco smoking and cancer risk in BRCA mutation carriers is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the association between tobacco smoking and cancer incidence in a cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. The study population consisted of unaffected BRCA mutation carriers. Information on lifestyle including smoking histories, reproductive factors, and past medical histories was obtained through questionnaires. Incident cancers were updated biennially via follow-up questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using time-dependent Cox regression models. There were 700 incident cancers diagnosed over 26,711 person-years of follow-up. The most frequent cancers seen in BRCA mutation carriers were breast (n = 428; 61%) and ovarian (n = 109; 15%) cancer. Compared to nonsmokers, (ever) smoking was associated with a modest increased risk of all cancers combined (HR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.01-1.37). Women in the highest group of total pack-years (4.3-9.8) had an increased risk of developing any cancer (HR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.04-1.56), breast cancer (HR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.02-1.75), and ovarian cancer (HR = 1.68; 95%CI 1.06-2.67) compared to never smokers. The associations between tobacco smoking and cancer did not differ by BRCA mutation type or by age at diagnosis. This prospective study suggests that tobacco smoking is associated with a modest increase in the risks of breast and ovarian cancer among women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
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