ArticleACS nano2018
Surface Oxidation of Graphene Oxide Determines Membrane Damage, Lipid Peroxidation, and Cytotoxicity in Macrophages in a Pulmonary Toxicity Model.
Article in ACS nano, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 79 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 277 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functionalized metal-organic frameworks as smart nanoplatforms: advancing tumor precision therapy through post-synthetic surface tailoring, challenges, and prospects for clinical translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Potential of MXenes in Electrochemical Sensing: Mechanistic Insight, Design Principles, and Analytical Applications.Small science · 2026Review
- Biofilm Control with Rare-Earth Oxides: A Mechanistic Framework for Next-Generation Antibiofilm Materials.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bacterial vesicles-initiatedTheranostics · 2026Article
- Genotoxicity assessment of mesoporous silica and graphene oxide in GDL1 cells.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2025Article
- Efficacy of3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Intracellular dehydrogenation catalysis leads to reductive stress and immunosuppression.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review on Bioprinted Graphene-Based Material (GBM)-Enhanced Scaffolds for Nerve Guidance Conduits.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deciphering key nano-bio interface descriptors to predict nanoparticle-induced lung fibrosis.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2025Article
- Graphene oxide-chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2025Article
- Research on the impact of graphene oxide in feed on growth and health parameters in calves.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Application of the Tier 3 NIOSH occupational exposure banding process for the graphene family of nanomaterials: A case study.Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene · 2025Article
- Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine: Opportunities and Toxicological Concerns.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Effects of nanographene oxide on adipose-derived stem cell cryopreservation.Cell and tissue banking · 2024Article
- Graphene and its hybrid nanocomposite: A Metamorphoses elevation in the field of tissue engineering.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Graphene Oxide Strengthens Gelatine through Non-Covalent Interactions with Its Amorphous Region.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring the biocompatibility and healing activity of actinobacterial-enhanced reduced nano-graphene oxide in in vitro and in vivo model and induce bone regeneration through modulation of OPG/RANKL/RUNX2/ALP pathways.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- The gut microbiome meets nanomaterials: exposure and interplay with graphene nanoparticles.Nanoscale advances · 2023Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) is used increasingly in biomedical applications, there is uncertainty on how specific physicochemical properties relate to biocompatibility in mammalian systems. Although properties such as lateral size and the colloidal properties of the nanosheets are important, the specific material properties that we address here is the oxidation state and reactive surface groups on the planar surface. In this study, we used a GO library, comprising pristine, reduced (rGO), and hydrated GO (hGO), in which quantitative assessment of the hydroxyl, carboxyl, epoxy, and carbon radical contents was used to study the impact on epithelial cells and macrophages, as well as in the murine lung. Strikingly, we observed that hGO, which exhibits the highest carbon radical density, was responsible for the generation of cell death in THP-1 and BEAS-2B cells as a consequence of lipid peroxidation of the surface membrane, membrane lysis, and cell death. In contrast, pristine GO had lesser effects, while rGO showed extensive cellular uptake with minimal effects on viability. In order to see how these in vitro effects relate to adverse outcomes in the lung, mice were exposed to GOs by oropharyngeal aspiration. Animal sacrifice after 40 h demonstrated that hGO was more prone than other materials to generate acute lung inflammation, accompanied by the highest lipid peroxidation in alveolar macrophages, cytokine production (LIX, MCP-1), and LDH release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Pristine GO showed less toxicity, whereas rGO had minimal effects. We demonstrate that the surface oxidation state and carbon radical content play major roles in the induction of toxicity by GO in mammalian cells and the lung.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.