Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29326180›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2018

Prevalence and burden of chronic kidney disease among the general population and high-risk groups in Africa: a systematic review.

Samar Abd ElHafeez, Davide Bolignano, Graziella D'Arrigo, Evangelia Dounousi, Giovanni Tripepi, Carmine Zoccali

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
104citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
15.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

104 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.

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44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Samar Abd ElHafeezDepartment of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health - Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Davide BolignanoClinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Cal Unit, CNR/IFC, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Graziella D'ArrigoClinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Cal Unit, CNR/IFC, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Evangelia DounousiDepartment of Nephrology, School of Health Sciences - University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Giovanni TripepiClinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Cal Unit, CNR/IFC, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Carmine ZoccaliClinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Cal Unit, CNR/IFC, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica · ITAlexandria University · EGUniversity of Ioannina · GR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWhile increasing attention is paid to the rising prevalence of chronic diseases in Africa, there is little focus on chronic kidney disease (CKD). This systematic review assesses CKD burden among the general population and high-risk groups on the entire African continent. DESIGN, SETTING AND

participantsWe searched Medline and PubMed databases for articles published between 1 January 1995 and 7 April 2017 by sensitive search strategies focusing on CKD surveys at the community level and high-risk groups. In total, 7918 references were evaluated, of which 7766 articles were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Thus, 152 studies were included in the final analysis. OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: The prevalence of CKD in each study group was expressed as a range and pooled prevalence rate of CKD was calculated as a point estimate and 95% CI. No meta-analysis was done. Data were presented for different populations.

resultsIn the community-level studies, based on available medium-quality and high-quality studies, the prevalence of CKD ranged from 2% to 41% (pooled prevalence: 10.1%; 95% CI 9.8% to 10.5%). The prevalence of CKD in the high-risk groups ranged from 1% to 46% (pooled prevalence: 5.6%; 95% CI 5.4% to 5.8%) in patients with HIV (based on available medium-quality and high-quality studies), 11%-90% (pooled prevalence: 24.7%; 95% CI 23.6% to 25.7%) in patients with diabetes (based on all available studies which are of low quality except four of medium quality) and 13%-51% (pooled prevalence: 34.5%; 95 % CI 34.04% to 36%) in patients with hypertension (based on all available studies which are of low quality except two of medium quality).

conclusionIn Africa, CKD is a public health problem, mainly attributed to high-risk conditions as hypertension and diabetes. The poor data quality restricts the validity of the findings and draws the attention to the importance of designing future robust studies.

Indexed as

AfricaChronic DiseaseDiabetes ComplicationsHIV InfectionsHumansHypertensionKidneyRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRisk FactorsAfricaCKDsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID29326180
PMCPMC5780690
OpenAlexW2783349386

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.