SynthesisNutrients2018
Zinc Status and Autoimmunity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 193 citations in OpenAlex.
- Essential Trace Element Status in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Meta-analysis Based on Case-Control Studies.Biological trace element research · 2023Pooled it
- Association between serum zinc levels and recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Pooled it
- Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Nutritional Status in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Trial.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Nutrient and Discretionary Food Intake in Vegan Adult Australians: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrition bulletin · 2026Article
- Association of Serum Zinc Status with 5-Year Clinical Outcomes in Women with Breast Cancer and Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using TriNetX.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association between dietary zinc intake and herpes simplex virus seropositivity in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- ZIP3 is essential for the encephalitogenic function of pTh17 cells by regulating intracellular zinc levels.Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2026Article
- Beneficial Role of Zinc in Metabolic Syndrome: Understanding the Underlying Pathophysiological Mechanisms.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Article
- Vitamin and trace elements imbalance are very common in adult patients with newly diagnosed Celiac disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between serum Copper-Zinc-Selenium mixture and multiple health outcomes.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Elemental Influence: The Emerging Role of Zinc, Copper, and Selenium in Osteoarthritis.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Zinc deficiency as possible link between immunosenescence and age-related diseases.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Zinc Mitigates the Combined Neurotoxicity of Binary Metal Mixtures via Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Fusion.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Are there Effective Vegan-Friendly Supplements for Optimizing Health and Sports Performance? a Narrative Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Nutritional Risks of Heavy Metals in the Human Diet-Multi-Elemental Analysis of Energy Drinks.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The interlink between thyroid autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes and the impact on male and female fertility.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2024Review
- Subjective Symptoms and Disease Activity Related to Serum Zinc Concentration in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for living organisms and their biological processes. Zinc plays a key role in more than 300 enzymes and it is involved in cell communication, proliferation, differentiation and survival. Zinc plays also a role in regulating the immune system with implications in pathologies where zinc deficiency and inflammation are observed. In order to examine the experimental evidence reported in the literature regarding zinc levels in the body of patients with autoimmune disorders compared to control individuals, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. From 26,095 articles identified by literature search, only 179 of them were considered potentially relevant for our study and then examined. Of the 179 articles, only 62 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Particularly for Fixed Model, Zn concentration in both serum (mean effect = -1.19; confidence interval: -1.26 to -1.11) and plasma (mean effect = -3.97; confidence interval: -4.08 to -3.87) samples of autoimmune disease patients was significantly lower than in controls. The data presented in our work, although very heterogeneous in the manner of collecting and investigating samples, have proved to be extremely consistent in witnessing a deficiency of zinc in serum and plasma of patients compared to controls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.