ArticleScientific reports2018
Comparison of Bladder Carcinogens in the Urine of E-cigarette Users Versus Non E-cigarette Using Controls.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The genitourinary impacts of electronic cigarette use: a systematic review of the literature.World journal of urology · 2023Pooled it
- Changes in human biomarkers of exposure after complete switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes or exclusive e-cigarette use: a systematic review and biomarker-specific meta-analysis.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Mini-review: Human N-acetyltransferase genetic polymorphisms in susceptibility to aromatic amine and alkylaniline genotoxicity.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Review
- E-cigarette: a safe tool or a risk factor for oral cancer? A systematic review.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2025Review
- The Male Reproductive Toxicity Caused by 2-Naphthylamine Was Related to Testicular Immunity Disorders.Toxics · 2024Article
- Toxicological Aspects Associated with Consumption from Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS): Focus on Heavy Metals Exposure and Cancer Risk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- E-Cigarettes and Associated Health Risks: An Update on Cancer Potential.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2023Review
- Comparison of gas chromatographic techniques for the analysis of iodinated derivatives of aromatic amines.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Increased Levels of the Acrolein Metabolite 3-Hydroxypropyl Mercapturic Acid in the Urine of e-Cigarette Users.Chemical research in toxicology · 2023Article
- Liquid-phase microextraction of aromatic amines: hollow fiber-liquid-phase microextraction and parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction comparison.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Article
- E-liquid exposure induces bladder cancer cells to release extracellular vesicles that promote non-malignant urothelial cell transformation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- N-acetyltransferase 2 acetylator genotype-dependent N-acetylation and toxicity of the arylamine carcinogen β-naphthylamine in cryopreserved human hepatocytes.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
- Differences in β-naphthylamine metabolism and toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cell lines transfected with human CYP1A2 and NAT2*4, NAT2*5B or NAT2*7B N-acetyltransferase 2 haplotypes.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
- Canadian Urological Association guideline on the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer - Full-text.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2021Article
- Are electronic cigarettes and vaping effective tools for smoking cessation? Limited evidence on surgical outcomes: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Review
- From Tobacco Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes: The Two Sides of a Nicotine Coin.Frontiers in oral health · 2021Article
- Alternative tobacco products use and its impact on urologic health - will the lesser evil still be evil? A commentary and review of literature.Central European journal of urology · 2021Review
- Review
- Exposure to e-cigarette advertising, attitudes, and use susceptibility in adolescents who had never used e-cigarettes or cigarettes.BMC public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (EC) use is gaining popularity as a substitute for conventional smoking due to the perception and evidence it represents a safer alternative. In contrast to the common perception amongst users that ECs represent no risk initial studies have revealed a complex composition of e-cigarette liquids. Conventional cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for developing bladder cancer and prior reports raise concern some of those causative compounds may exist in EC liquids or vapor. Urine samples were collected from 13 e-cigarette using subjects and 10 non e-cigarette using controls. Five known bladder carcinogens that are either present in conventional cigarettes, products of combustion, or solvents believed to be used in some e-cigarette formulations were quantified by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Analysis of e-cigarette user urine revealed the presence of two carcinogenic compounds, o-toluidine and 2-naphthylamine, at a mean 2.3 and 1.3 fold higher concentration (p-value of 0.0013 and 0.014 respectively). Many of these subjects (9/13) were long term nonsmokers (>12 months). Further study is needed to clarify the safety profile of e-cigarettes and their contribution to the development of bladder cancer given the greater concentration of carcinogenic aromatic amines in the urine of e-cigarette users.
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