ArticleMolecular therapy oncolytics2018
A Retroviral Replicating Vector Encoding Cytosine Deaminase and 5-FC Induces Immune Memory in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Models.
Article in Molecular therapy oncolytics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02576665 (A Phase 1b Study of Toca 511, a Retroviral Replicating Vector, Combined With Toca FC in Patients With Solid Tumors or Lymphoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1b Study of Toca 511, a Retroviral Replicating Vector, Combined With Toca FC in Patients With Solid Tumors or Lymphoma
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Suicide Gene System Cytosine Deaminase::Uracylphosphoribosyltransferase/5-fluorocytosine Displays a Strong Cytotoxic Effect on Human Melanoma Cells.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2026Article
- A phase 1B trial of vocimagene amiretrorepvec in patients with advanced solid tumors: Safety, tumor homing, and immune modulatory effects.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Therapeutic activity of retroviral replicating vector-mediated gene therapy in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody in a murine pancreatic cancer model.Cancer gene therapy · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy: an emerging modality to checkmate brain metastasis.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Retroviral Replicating Vector Toca 511 (Cancers · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the stability and intratumoral delivery of foreign transgenes encoded by an oncolytic Foamy Virus vector.Cancer gene therapy · 2022Article
- Viruses as tools in gene therapy, vaccine development, and cancer treatment.Archives of virology · 2022Review
- Clinical development of retroviral replicating vector Toca 511 for gene therapy of cancer.Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2021Review
- Current status of intralesional agents in treatment of malignant melanoma.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Systematic analysis using a bioinformatics strategy identifies SFTA1P and LINC00519 as potential prognostic biomarkers for lung squamous cell carcinoma.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Brain Metastasis Cell Lines Panel: A Public Resource of Organotropic Cell Lines.Cancer research · 2020Review
- Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the promotion and immunotherapy of colitis-associated cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Review
- Need for Specialized Therapeutic Stem Cells Banks Equipped with Tumor Regression Enzymes and Anti-Tumor Genes.Journal of biomedical and allied research · 2020Article
- The Oncolytic Virus in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Emerging Role of Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis.OncoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
- Expanding the Scope of Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer: Current Clinical Approaches and Future Directions.BioMed research international · 2020Review
- Oncolytic viruses: overcoming translational challenges.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Review
- Turning cold tumours hot: oncolytic virotherapy gets up close and personal with other therapeutics at the 11th Oncolytic Virus Conference.Cancer gene therapy · 2019Review
- Connexin-43 Enhances the Redesigned Cytosine Deaminase Activity for Suicide Gene Therapy in Human Breast Cancer Cells.Biochemistry insights · 2019Article
- Current status of immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.International journal of colorectal disease · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Treatment of tumors with Toca 511, a gamma retroviral replicating vector encoding cytosine deaminase, followed by 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) kills tumors by local production of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In brain tumor models, this treatment induces systemic anti-tumor immune responses and long-term immune-mediated survival. Phase 1 Toca 511 and Toca FC (extended-release 5-FC) clinical trials in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma show durable complete responses and promising survival data compared to historic controls. The work described herein served to expand on our earlier findings in two models of metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). Intravenous (i.v.) delivery of Toca 511 resulted in substantial tumor-selective uptake of vector into metastatic lesions. Subsequent treatment with 5-FC resulted in tumor shrinkage, improved survival, and immune memory against future rechallenge with the same CT26 CRC cell line. Similar results were seen in a brain metastasis model of mCRC. Of note, 5-FC treatment resulted in a significant decrease in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in mCRC tumors in both the liver and brain. These results support the development of Toca 511 and Toca FC as a novel immunotherapeutic approach for patients with mCRC. A phase 1 study of i.v. Toca 511 and Toca FC in solid tumors, including mCRC, is currently underway (NCT02576665).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.