ArticleMolecular psychiatry2018
Genomic analysis of family data reveals additional genetic effects on intelligence and personality.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-analytic relations between personality and cognitive ability.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Pooled it
- Pleiotropic Meta-Analysis of Cognition, Education, and Schizophrenia Differentiates Roles of Early Neurodevelopmental and Adult Synaptic Pathways.American journal of human genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Study of 300,486 individuals identifies 148 independent genetic loci influencing general cognitive function.Nature communications · 2018Pooled it
- Genetic mechanisms, brain structures, and peripheral biomarkers mediate the relationship between physical frailty and neuropsychiatric disorders.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- The DCIDE framework: systematic investigation of evolutionary hypotheses, exemplified with autism.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025Review
- BIGFAM - variance components analysis from relatives without genotype.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genetic contribution to intrinsic functional connectivity underlying general intelligence: evidence from adult twin study.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Genomic insights into the shared and distinct genetic architecture of cognitive function and schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Investigating pedigree- and SNP-associated components of heritability in a wild population of Soay sheep.Heredity · 2024Article
- Evaluating causal influence of maternal educational attainment on offspring birthweight via observational study and Mendelian randomization analyses.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- A longitudinal study of polygenic score and cognitive function decline considering baseline cognitive function, lifestyle behaviors, and diabetes among middle-aged and older US adults.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Why we need families in genomic research on developmental psychopathology.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Decomposing heritability and genetic covariance by direct and indirect effect paths.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Collective genomic segments with differential pleiotropic patterns between cognitive dimensions and psychopathology.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Mammalian brain glycoproteins exhibit diminished glycan complexity compared to other tissues.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Genetic variation, brain, and intelligence differences.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Innate ability, health, motivation, and social capital as predictors of students' cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes in secondary schools.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Assortative mating and within-spouse pair comparisons.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Genome-wide association study reveals new insights into the heritability and genetic correlates of developmental dyslexia.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Article
- The contribution of X-linked coding variation to severe developmental disorders.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Pedigree-based analyses of intelligence have reported that genetic differences account for 50-80% of the phenotypic variation. For personality traits these effects are smaller, with 34-48% of the variance being explained by genetic differences. However, molecular genetic studies using unrelated individuals typically report a heritability estimate of around 30% for intelligence and between 0 and 15% for personality variables. Pedigree-based estimates and molecular genetic estimates may differ because current genotyping platforms are poor at tagging causal variants, variants with low minor allele frequency, copy number variants, and structural variants. Using ~20,000 individuals in the Generation Scotland family cohort genotyped for ~700,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we exploit the high levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) found in members of the same family to quantify the total effect of genetic variants that are not tagged in GWAS of unrelated individuals. In our models, genetic variants in low LD with genotyped SNPs explain over half of the genetic variance in intelligence, education, and neuroticism. By capturing these additional genetic effects our models closely approximate the heritability estimates from twin studies for intelligence and education, but not for neuroticism and extraversion. We then replicated our finding using imputed molecular genetic data from unrelated individuals to show that ~50% of differences in intelligence, and ~40% of the differences in education, can be explained by genetic effects when a larger number of rare SNPs are included. From an evolutionary genetic perspective, a substantial contribution of rare genetic variants to individual differences in intelligence, and education is consistent with mutation-selection balance.
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