ArticleJournal of virology2018
HLA Class I Downregulation by HIV-1 Variants from Subtype C Transmission Pairs.
Article in Journal of virology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural killer cells in kidney immune surveillance, injury and fibrosis.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- CD8+ T cells cross-restricted by HLA-B*57 and HLA-E*01 recognize HIV Gag with different functional profiles.JCI insight · 2026Article
- NK cell education: Physiological and pathological influences.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Ex vivo rectal explant model reveals potential opposing roles of Natural Killer cells and Marginal Zone-like B cells in HIV-1 infection.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- The Education of NK Cells Determines Their Responsiveness to Autologous HIV-Infected CD4 T Cells.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Primary HIV-1 Strains Use Nef To Downmodulate HLA-E Surface Expression.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- HLA-C downregulation by HIV-1 adapts to host HLA genotype.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1 downregulates human leukocyte antigen A (HLA-A) and HLA-B from the surface of infected cells primarily to evade CD8 T cell recognition. HLA-C was thought to remain on the cell surface and bind inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors, preventing natural killer (NK) cell-mediated suppression. However, a recent study found HIV-1 primary viruses have the capacity to downregulate HLA-C. The goal of this study was to assess the heterogeneity of HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C downregulation among full-length primary viruses from six chronically infected and six newly infected individuals from transmission pairs and to determine whether transmitted/founder variants exhibit common HLA class I downregulation characteristics. We measured HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and total HLA class I downregulation by flow cytometry of primary CD4 T cells infected with 40 infectious molecular clones. Primary viruses mediated a range of HLA class I downregulation capacities (1.3- to 6.1-fold) which could differ significantly between transmission pairs. Downregulation of HLA-C surface expression on infected cells correlated with susceptibility to
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.