ArticleNeurology2018
The national incidence of PML in Sweden, 1988-2013.
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28 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Diagnostic accuracy in the Swedish national patient register: a review including diagnoses in the outpatient register.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Review
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis and biological therapies: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Review
- Rhombencephalitis in an 86-year-old woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and spectrum of predisposing conditions: a 20-year retrospective cohort study in a tertiary center in São Paulo, Brazil.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Genetics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: update on case reports with an inborn error of immunity and risk variants found in drug-linked cases.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the background of chlorambucil treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a case report from Nepal.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- An atypical case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with high grade B-cell lymphoma causing diagnostic delay.JRSM open · 2023Article
- Survival and prognostic factors of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in people living with HIV in modern ART era.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Risk of serious infections in multiple sclerosis patients by disease course and disability status: Results from a Swedish register-based study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Rituximab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review.Journal of neurology · 2022Review
- CCR5 Blockade in Inflammatory PML and PML-IRIS Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases' Treatments.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Advances in Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Annals of neurology · 2021Review
- Adoptive Transfer of JC Virus-Specific T Lymphocytes for the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Annals of neurology · 2021Article
- Clinical Presentation and Disease Course of 37 Consecutive Cases of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) at a German Tertiary-Care Hospital: A Retrospective Observational Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy during Tocilizumab Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Ellen IacobaeusFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK. Ellen.Iacobaeus@karolinska.se.
Sarah BurkillFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Shahram BahmanyarFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Ramil HakimFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Camilla ByströmFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Michael ForedFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Tomas OlssonFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Lou BrundinFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Scott MontgomeryFrom the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology (E.I., R.H., T.O., L.B.), Neuroimmunology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.O., L.B.), and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (S. Burkill, S. Bahmanyar, C.B.) and Clinical Epidemiology Unit (M.F., S.M.), Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.M.), School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden; and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (S.M.), University College London, UK.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and patient characteristics in Sweden between 1988 and 2013.
methodsAll PML diagnoses in Sweden between 1988 and 2013 were identified in the National Patient Register. Information to validate the diagnosis and patient characteristics was obtained from medical records.
resultsMedical record review classified 108 out of 250 patients (43%) as definite (n = 84), probable (n = 4), or possible (n = 20) PML according to diagnostic criteria. Accurate diagnoses were more common in records obtained from neurology departments (82% of patients seen in neurology departments) compared with other departments (31%) (
conclusionAn increased incidence of PML in Sweden was observed and coincided with the prior use of monoclonal antibody treatment. The high level of misdiagnosis emphasizes the importance of immediate contact with a neurology center upon suspicion of PML.
Indexed as
AdultAgedFemaleHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsIncidenceLeukoencephalopathy, Progressive MultifocalLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedStatistics, NonparametricSwedenTomography, X-Ray ComputedImmunosuppressive Agents
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