Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29318445›Full record

ReviewCancer metastasis reviews2018

Functions of the APC tumor suppressor protein dependent and independent of canonical WNT signaling: implications for therapeutic targeting.

William Hankey, Wendy L Frankel, Joanna Groden

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer metastasis reviews, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
116citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

116 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Single-cell epigenomics of colorectal cancer.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. miR-452-3p Targets Adenomatous Polyposis Coli to Regulate the Malignant Phenotypes and Prognosis of Esophageal Cancer.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. iMetaOmics · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

William HankeyDepartment of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Ave. 986 BRT, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Wendy L FrankelDepartment of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 129 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Joanna GrodenDepartment of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Ave. 986 BRT, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. joanna.groden@osumc.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-8507-6423
The Ohio State University · USThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center · US

Funding

Translational Therapeutics Research Program (TT)P30CA016058 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Tasleem J Padamsee · 1985 to 2026
$132.3M
The Ohio State University Center for clinical and Translational ScienceUL1TR001070 · NCATS · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI JACKSON, REBECCA D · 2013 to 2017
$22.6M
CHARACTERIZATION OF TUMOR SUPPRESSION BY THE APC GENER01CA063507 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI GRODEN, JOANNA LOUISE · 2000 to 2010
$2.7M
Chromatin associated functions of the APC tumor suppressorF31CA174260 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI HANKEY, WILLIAM CHARLES · 2013 to 2015
$76k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001070NCI NIH HHS F31 CA174260NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016058NCI NIH HHS R01 CA063507
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The acquisition of biallelic mutations in the APC gene is a rate-limiting step in the development of most colorectal cancers and occurs in the earliest lesions. APC encodes a 312-kDa protein that localizes to multiple subcellular compartments and performs diverse functions. APC participates in a cytoplasmic complex that promotes the destruction of the transcriptional licensing factor β-catenin; APC mutations that abolish this function trigger constitutive activation of the canonical WNT signaling pathway, a characteristic found in almost all colorectal cancers. By negatively regulating canonical WNT signaling, APC counteracts proliferation, promotes differentiation, facilitates apoptosis, and suppresses invasion and tumor progression. APC further antagonizes canonical WNT signaling by interacting with and counteracting β-catenin in the nucleus. APC also suppresses tumor initiation and progression in the colorectal epithelium through functions that are independent of canonical WNT signaling. APC regulates the mitotic spindle to facilitate proper chromosome segregation, localizes to the cell periphery and cell protrusions to establish cell polarity and appropriate directional migration, and inhibits DNA replication by interacting directly with DNA. Mutations in APC are often frameshifts, insertions, or deletions that introduce premature stop codons and lead to the production of truncated APC proteins that lack its normal functions and possess tumorigenic properties. Therapeutic approaches in development for the treatment of APC-deficient tumors are focused on the inhibition of canonical WNT signaling, especially through targets downstream of APC in the pathway, or on the restoration of wild-type APC expression.

Indexed as

Wnt Signaling PathwayAdenomatous Polyposis Coli ProteinAnimalsApoptosisBiomarkers, TumorCell CycleCell NucleusColorectal NeoplasmsCytoplasmCytoskeletonDNA ReplicationGenomic InstabilityHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyNeoplasmsResearchAdenomatous Polyposis Coli ProteinAPC protein, humanBiomarkers, TumorAPCCanonical WNT signalingColorectal cancerTherapeuticsWNT-independent

Identifiers

PMID29318445
PMCPMC5803335
OpenAlexW2783151045

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.