ArticleScientific reports2018
Biofilm Formation Protects Salmonella from the Antibiotic Ciprofloxacin In Vitro and In Vivo in the Mouse Model of chronic Carriage.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial agents for the treatment of enteric fever chronic carriage: A systematic review.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Comparative Biofilmomics of Antimicrobial-ResistantAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial peptides isolated from probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics againstApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- A new mouse model of typhoid fever usingmBio · 2026Article
- Article
- Persistence of non-typhoidalFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- The molecular mechanisms of quinolone resistance in Salmonella: a review.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Salmonella stress response systems as targets for anti-virulence strategies.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Antibiotic-recalcitrant Salmonella during infection.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation in rarely reportedFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Rare Case ofInternational medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- Biofilm Production and Antibiogram Profiles inIndian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial properties of tomato juice and peptides against typhoidalMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Defense mechanisms ofFrontiers in antibiotics · 2024Review
- Article
- Fecal Shedding, Antimicrobial Resistance andInternational journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Functional role of the biofilm regulator CsgD inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Advancing understanding of microbial biofilms through machine learning-powered studies.Food science and biotechnology · 2023Review
- SIMBA Method-Simultaneous Detection of Antimicrobial and Anti-biofilm Activity of New Compounds UsingBio-protocol · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Typhoid fever is caused by the human-restricted pathogen Salmonella enterica sv. Typhi. Approximately 5% of people that resolve the disease become chronic carriers, with the gallbladder as the main reservoir of the bacteria. Of these, about 90% present with gallstones, on which Salmonella form biofilms. Because S. Typhi is a human-restricted pathogen, these carriers are the main source of dissemination of the disease; unfortunately, antibiotic treatment has shown to be an ineffective therapy. This is believed to be caused by the inherent antibiotic resistance conferred by Salmonella biofilms growing on gallstones. The gallstone mouse model with S. Typhimurium has proven to be an excellent surrogate for S. Typhi chronic infection. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the biofilm state confers Salmonella with the increased resistance to antibiotics observed in cases of chronic carriage. We found that, in the biofilm state, Salmonella is significantly more resistant to ciprofloxacin, a common antibiotic used for the treatment of Salmonella, both in vitro (p < 0.001 for both S. Typhi and S. Typhimurium with respect to planktonic cells) and in vivo (p = 0.0035 with respect to control mice).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.