SynthesisParasites & vectors2018
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia and Isospora infection in HIV-infected people: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Parasites & vectors, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- A global overview of microsporidia infection in HIV/AIDS patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.International health · 2026Pooled it
- The Global Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Parasitic Coinfection in People Living with Viruses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoal infections among patients in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Global prevalence ofParasitology · 2023Pooled it
- The global prevalence of parasites in non-biting flies as vectors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Pooled it
- The global prevalence ofParasitology · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of human cryptosporidiosis in the Americas: systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2022Pooled it
- The largest meta-analysis on the global prevalence of microsporidia in mammals, avian and water provides insights into the epidemic features of these ubiquitous pathogens.Parasites & vectors · 2021Pooled it
- Burden of Talaromyces marneffei infection in people living with HIV/AIDS in Asia during ART era: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A retrospective epidemiological analysis of human Cryptosporidium infection in China during the past three decades (1987-2018).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-positive patients and related risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2020Pooled it
- Examination of ELISA against PCR for assessing treatment efficacy against Cryptosporidium in a clinical trial context.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Collaboration, impact, and research trends at the veterinary research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences: a bibliometric analysis from 2009 to 2023.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- 18S/28S rDNA metabarcoding identifies Cryptosporidium parvum and Blastocystis ST1 as the predominant intestinal protozoa in hospital patients from Changchun, Northeast China.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Insights to micropsoridia Nosema bombycis congenital infection and host immune responses in the embryo and larva stages of silkworms.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- The miRNomics of antiretroviral therapy-induced obesity.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptional responses of T cells during microsporidia infection.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Epidemiological, Clinical, and Immunological Features of Ghanaian People-Living-with-HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and Molecular Proof ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiarrhea caused by opportunistic intestinal protozoa is a common problem in HIV infection. We aimed to establish the prevalence of Cryptosporidium, misrosporidia, and Isospora in HIV-infected people using a systematic review and meta-analysis, which is central to developing public policy and clinical services.
methodsWe searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Embase, Chinese Web of Knowledge, Wanfang, and Chongqing VIP databases for studies reporting Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, or Isospora infection in HIV-infected people. We extracted the numbers of people with HIV and protozoa infection, and estimated the pooled prevalence of parasite infection by a random effects model.
resultsOur research identified 131 studies that reported Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and Isospora infection in HIV-infected people. We estimated the pooled prevalence to be 14.0% (3283/43,218; 95% CI: 13.0-15.0%) for Cryptosporidium, 11.8% (1090/18,006; 95% CI: 10.1-13.4%) for microsporidia, and 2.5% (788/105,922; 95% CI: 2.1-2.9%) for Isospora. A low prevalence of microsporidia and Isospora infection was found in high-income countries, and a high prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Isospora infection was found in sub-Saharan Africa. We also detected a high prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and Isospora infection in patients with diarrhea. Sensitivity analysis showed that three studies significantly affect the prevalence of Isospora, which was adjusted to 5.0% (469/8570; 95% CI: 4.1-5.9%) by excluding these studies.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that HIV-infected people have a high prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and Isospora infection in low-income countries and patients with diarrhea, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, reinforcing the importance of routine surveillance for opportunistic intestinal protozoa in HIV-infected people.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.